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  2. International Standard Atmosphere - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard...

    Thus the standard consists of a tabulation of values at various altitudes, plus some formulas by which those values were derived. To accommodate the lowest points on Earth, the model starts at a base geopotential altitude of 610 meters (2,000 ft) below sea level, with standard temperature set at 19 °C.

  3. Atmospheric temperature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_temperature

    Atmospheric temperature is a measure of temperature at different levels of the Earth's atmosphere. It is governed by many factors, including incoming solar radiation , humidity , and altitude . The abbreviation MAAT is often used for Mean Annual Air Temperature of a geographical location.

  4. Reference atmospheric model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reference_atmospheric_model

    Typical usages are as a basis for pressure altimeter calibrations, aircraft performance calculations, aircraft and rocket design, ballistic tables, and meteorological diagrams." [1] For example, the U.S. Standard Atmosphere derives the values for air temperature, pressure, and mass density, as a function of altitude above sea level.

  5. Standard day - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_day

    For Pilots: At sea level, Altimeter:29.92 in/Hg at 15 °C (59 °F) The "standard day" model of the atmosphere is defined at sea level, with certain present conditions such as temperature and pressure. But other factors, such as humidity, further alter the nature of the atmosphere, and are also defined under standard day conditions:

  6. QFF - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QFF

    QFF is derived from the barometric pressure at the station location by calculating the weight of an imaginary air column, extending from the location to sea level, assuming the temperature and relative humidity at the location are the long term monthly mean, the temperature lapse rate is according to ISA and the relative humidity lapse rate is ...

  7. Geopotential height - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geopotential_height

    For example, if a station reports that the 500 mb [i.e. millibar] height at its location is 5600 m, it means that the level of the atmosphere over that station at which the atmospheric pressure is 500 mb is 5600 meters above sea level. This is an estimated height based on temperature and pressure data." [6]

  8. Pressure altimeter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressure_altimeter

    The greater the altitude, the lower the pressure. When a barometer is supplied with a nonlinear calibration so as to indicate altitude, the instrument is a type of altimeter called a pressure altimeter or barometric altimeter. A pressure altimeter is the altimeter found in most aircraft, and skydivers use wrist-mounted versions for similar ...

  9. Altimeter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altimeter

    Diagram showing the face of the "three-pointer" sensitive aircraft altimeter displaying an altitude of 10,180 ft (3,100 m). Reference pressure of about 29.92 inHg (1013 hPa) is showing in the Kollsman window. An altimeter or an altitude meter is an instrument used to measure the altitude of an object above a fixed level. [1]

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