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  2. Operant conditioning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operant_conditioning

    Operant conditioning originated with Edward Thorndike, whose law of effect theorised that behaviors arise as a result of consequences as satisfying or discomforting. In the 20th century, operant conditioning was studied by behavioral psychologists, who believed that much of mind and behaviour is explained through environmental conditioning.

  3. Punishment (psychology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punishment_(psychology)

    Punishment has been used in a lot of different applications. It has been used in applied behavioral analysis, specifically in situations to try and punish dangerous behaviors like head banging. Punishment has also been used to psychologically manipulate individuals to gain control over victims.

  4. Measures of conditioned emotional response - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measures_of_conditioned...

    The conditioned emotional response is usually measured through its effect in suppressing an ongoing response. For example, a rat first learns to press a lever through operant conditioning. Classical conditioning follows: in a series of trials the rat is exposed to a CS, often a light or a noise. Each CS is followed by the US, an electric shock.

  5. Classical conditioning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_conditioning

    Classical conditioning occurs when a conditioned stimulus (CS) is paired with an unconditioned stimulus (US). Usually, the conditioned stimulus is a neutral stimulus (e.g., the sound of a tuning fork), the unconditioned stimulus is biologically potent (e.g., the taste of food) and the unconditioned response (UR) to the unconditioned stimulus is an unlearned reflex response (e.g., salivation).

  6. Conditioned emotional response - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditioned_emotional_response

    It may also be called "conditioned suppression" or "conditioned fear response (CFR)." [ 1 ] It is an "emotional response" that results from classical conditioning , usually from the association of a relatively neutral stimulus with a painful or fear-inducing unconditional stimulus.

  7. Extinction (psychology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extinction_(psychology)

    An unconditioned stimulus is one that naturally and automatically triggers a certain behavioral response. A certain stimulus or environment can become a conditioned cue or a conditioned context, respectively, when paired with an unconditioned stimulus. An example of this process is a fear conditioning paradigm using a mouse. In this instance, a ...

  8. Neutral stimulus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutral_stimulus

    The presentation of a neutral stimulus does not result in any particular response, but the presentation of an unconditioned stimulus results in an unconditioned response, which was the dogs salivating in Pavlov's experiments. After conditioning, the bell ringing became a conditioned stimulus. [2]

  9. Experimental analysis of behavior - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_analysis_of...

    A central method was the [1] examination of functional relations between environment and behavior, as opposed to hypothetico-deductive learning theory [2] that had grown up in the comparative psychology of the 1920–1950 period. Skinner's approach was characterized by observation of measurable behavior which could be predicted and controlled.