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Motor neuron diseases affect both children and adults. [5] While each motor neuron disease affects patients differently, they all cause movement-related symptoms, mainly muscle weakness. [6] Most of these diseases seem to occur randomly without known causes, but some forms are inherited. [2]
Distal muscular dystrophy, also called distal myopathy, is essentially any muscle disease that preferentially affects the hands and/or feet, a much less common pattern than proximal muscle weakness. Late adult-onset type 1; Late adult-onset type 2a; Late adult-onset type 2b; Early adult-onset type 1; Early adult-onset type 2; Early adult-onset ...
ALS is the most common motor neuron disease in adults and the third most common neurodegenerative disease [61] after Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. [123] Worldwide the number of people who develop ALS yearly is estimated to be 1.9 people per 100,000 per year, while the number of people who have ALS at any given time is estimated ...
The second classification method divides the diseases according to the location of their disruption. In the neuromuscular junction, the diseases will either act on the presynaptic membrane of the motor neuron, the synapse separating the motor neuron from the muscle fiber, or the postsynaptic membrane (the muscle fiber).
Collins, Joseph. Progressive Bulbar Palsy. ‘’The Treatment of Diseases of the Nervous System: A Manual for Practitioners’’. W. Wood and Company. (1900) Swash M, and Desai J. Motor Neuron Disease: Classification and nomenclature. ALS and Other Motor Neuron Disorders. 1:105-112. (2000) Kadekawa J et al.
It has been suggested that multifocal motor neuropathy is distinct from chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy and that Lewis-Sumner syndrome is a distinct variant type of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. [53] The Lewis-Sumner form of this condition is considered a rare disease with only 50 cases reported up to 2004 ...
Hirayama disease, also known as monomelic amyotrophy (MMA), [1] [2] is a rare motor neuron disease first described in 1959 in Japan. Its symptoms usually appear about two years after adolescent growth spurt and is significantly more common in males, with an average age of onset between 15 and 25 years.
Patients with hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies are diagnosed through a physical evaluation that looks for muscle atrophy, weakness, and sensory responses. [3] In addition to this, electromyography and motor nerve conduction tests can help clinicians decide what type of motor and sensory neuropathy it is and how severe the disease is.