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Territorial evolution of the District of Columbia. District of Columbia retrocession is the act of returning some or all of the land that had been ceded to the federal government of the United States for the purpose of creating its federal district for the new national capital, which was moved from Philadelphia to what was then called the City of Washington in 1800.
The District attained limited home rule in 1973 and was for many years financially stable. But the combination of federally imposed budget limitations and requirements, "white flight", inadequate federal support, the recession of the early 1990s, the urban crack epidemic and poor local management were too much for the city to handle and in 1994 the District began operating at a deficit.
The process of uniting the District of Columbia with the State of Maryland is referred to as retrocession. The District was originally formed out of parts of both Maryland and Virginia. However, the portion ceded by Virginia was returned to that state in 1846; all the land in present-day D.C. was once part of Maryland. [64]
Evolution of the District's internal boundaries. The passage of the Residence Act in 1790 created a new federal district that would become the capital of the United States. . Formed from land donated by the states of Maryland and Virginia, the capital territory already included two large settlements at its creation: the port of Georgetown, Maryland and the town of Alexandria, Virgin
1840 - Population: 23,364 in city; [17] 43,712 in district. [7] 1842 – United States Naval Observatory established. [13] 1844 – Baltimore-Washington telegraph begins operating. [14] 1846 District of Columbia retrocession of Alexandria and Alexandria County to Virginia. [7] National Smithsonian Institution established. [13] 1848
The District of Columbia relied on Congress to support capital improvements and economic development initiatives. [56] However, Congress lacked loyalty to the city's residents and was reluctant to provide support. [56] Congress did provide funding for the Washington City Canal in 1809, after earlier private financing efforts were unsuccessful ...
Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly known as Washington or D.C., is the capital city and federal district of the United States. The city is on the Potomac River, across from Virginia, and shares land borders with Maryland to its north and east. It was named after George Washington, the first president of the United ...
A proposal related to retrocession was the "District of Columbia Voting Rights Restoration Act of 2004" (H.R. 3709), which would have treated district residents as Maryland residents for congressional representation. Maryland's congressional delegation would then be apportioned accordingly to include the district's population. [79]