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The 1920 Haiyuan earthquake (Chinese: 海原大地震; pinyin: Hǎiyuán dà dìzhèn) occurred on December 16 in Haiyuan County, Ningxia Province, Republic of China at 19:05:53. It was also called the 1920 Gansu earthquake [3] because Ningxia was a part of Gansu Province when the earthquake occurred.
The 1920 Haiyuan earthquake was one of the deadliest events of the 20th century. Over 200,000 deaths were caused in the region. Based on a list of cities affected there was at least 242,029 people killed. Property damage was around $25 million (1920 rate). Parts of the regional terrain were affected with uplift or slumping. 242,029: 17 [44]
Earthquakes with a magnitude 4.5 and over (1900–2015). The yellow star is the 2008 Sichuan earthquake. This is a list of earthquakes in China, part of the series of lists of disasters in China. Earthquakes in the loess plateau where residents lived in yaodong caves tended to have big casualties, including the 1303 Hongdong and 1920 Haiyuan ...
The earthquake ruptured the complex thrust fault system in the Qilian Mountains transpressional zone, formed at a restraining bend on the Haiyuan fault. [4] Another segment of the Haiyuan fault was responsible for the 1920 Haiyuan earthquake .
On the evening of December 16, 1920, a M7.8–8.5 earthquake struck Haiyuan County, killing over 270,000 people. Shaking intensity reached a maximum of XII (Extreme), the uppermost limit on the Modified Mercalli intensity scale. The fault ruptured for a length of nearly 237 km (147 mi) in this event. [7]
A full list in chronological order is detailed in the list of earthquakes in China. Among which, the most fatal ones were: ... 16 December 1920: Haiyuan earthquake ...
1920 Haiyuan earthquake: China December 16, 1920 2 242,419 7.6 1976 Tangshan earthquake: China July 28, 1976 3 142,800 8.2 1923 Great Kantō earthquake: Japan
A pie chart comparing the seismic moment release of the three largest earthquakes for the hundred-year period from 1906 to 2005 with that for all earthquakes of magnitudes <6, 6 to 7, 7 to 8, and >8 for the same period. The 2011 Japan quake would be roughly similar to Sumatra. Earthquakes of magnitude 8.0 and greater from 1900 to 2018.