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High altitude causes decreased blood flow to the placenta, even in acclimatized women, which interferes with fetal growth. [28] Consequently, children born at high-altitudes are found to be born shorter on average than children born at sea level. [29]
By contrast, the women of long-resident, high-altitude populations are known to give birth to heavier-weight infants than women of the lowland. This is particularly true among Tibetan babies, whose average birth weight is 294–650g (~470) g heavier than the surrounding Chinese population , and their blood-oxygen level is considerably higher.
Altitude sickness, the mildest form being acute mountain sickness (AMS), is a harmful effect of high altitude, caused by rapid exposure to low amounts of oxygen at high elevation. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] People's bodies can respond to high altitude in different ways.
High-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is a life-threatening form of non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema that occurs in otherwise healthy people at altitudes typically above 2,500 meters (8,200 ft). [2] HAPE is a severe presentation of altitude sickness .
Atmospheric pressure decreases with altitude while the O 2 fraction remains constant to about 85 km (53 mi), so PO 2 decreases with altitude as well. It is about half of its sea level value at 5,500 m (18,000 ft), the altitude of the Mount Everest base camp , and less than a third at 8,849 m (29,032 ft), the summit of Mount Everest. [ 8 ]
This response can be attributed to genetic factors, but the development of the resistance to acute hypoxia is highly affected by when the individual is exposed to high altitude; [20] while genetic factors play an indefinite role in a person's HVR, because long term migrants do not show reduction in their reactions of high altitude even after ...
High-altitude flatus expulsion was first described by Joseph Hamel in c. 1820 [2] and occasionally described afterward. [3] A landmark study of this phenomenon was published in 1981 by Paul Auerbach and York Miller.
[1] [2] Research at high altitude is also an important way to learn about sea level conditions that are caused or complicated by hypoxia such as chronic lung disease and sepsis. Patients with these conditions are very complex and usually suffer from several other diseases at the same time, so it is virtually impossible to work out which of ...