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A drawing of a butterfly with bilateral symmetry, with left and right sides as mirror images of each other.. In geometry, an object has symmetry if there is an operation or transformation (such as translation, scaling, rotation or reflection) that maps the figure/object onto itself (i.e., the object has an invariance under the transform). [1]
An object has reflectional symmetry (line or mirror symmetry) if there is a line (or in 3D a plane) going through it which divides it into two pieces that are mirror images of each other. [6] An object has rotational symmetry if the object can be rotated about a fixed point (or in 3D about a line) without changing the overall shape. [7]
Symmetry occurs not only in geometry, but also in other branches of mathematics. Symmetry is a type of invariance: the property that a mathematical object remains unchanged under a set of operations or transformations. [1] Given a structured object X of any sort, a symmetry is a mapping of the object onto itself which preserves the structure.
the 7 frieze groups; the 17 wallpaper groups; for each of the symmetry groups in one dimension, the combination of all symmetries in that group in one direction, and the group of all translations in the perpendicular direction; ditto with also reflections in a line in the first direction.
In mathematics, reflection symmetry, line symmetry, mirror symmetry, or mirror-image symmetry is symmetry with respect to a reflection. That is, a figure which does not change upon undergoing a reflection has reflectional symmetry. In 2-dimensional space, there is a line/axis of symmetry, in 3-dimensional space, there is a plane of symmetry
There are five fundamental symmetry classes which have triangular fundamental domains: dihedral, cyclic, tetrahedral, octahedral, and icosahedral symmetry. This article lists the groups by Schoenflies notation , Coxeter notation , [ 1 ] orbifold notation , [ 2 ] and order.
no symmetry; 2-fold rotational symmetry: C 2; 4-fold rotational symmetry: C 4; 1 one-sided polyomino for each free polyomino: all symmetry of the square: D 4; mirror symmetry with respect to one of the grid line directions; mirror symmetry with respect to a diagonal line; symmetry with respect to both grid line directions, and hence also 2-fold ...
In mathematics, a symmetry operation is a geometric transformation of an object that leaves the object looking the same after it has been carried out. For example, a 1 ⁄ 3 turn rotation of a regular triangle about its center, a reflection of a square across its diagonal, a translation of the Euclidean plane, or a point reflection of a sphere through its center are all symmetry operations.