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Food products and household items commonly handled by humans can be toxic to dogs. The symptoms can range from simple irritation to digestion issues, behavioral changes, and even death. The categories of common items ingested by dogs include food products, human medication, household detergents, indoor and outdoor toxic plants, and rat poison. [1]
Ricinus communis is the host plant of the common castor butterfly (Ariadne merione), the eri silkmoth (Samia cynthia ricini), and the castor semi-looper moth (Achaea janata). It is also used as a food plant by the larvae of some other species of Lepidoptera , including Hypercompe hambletoni and the nutmeg ( Discestra trifolii ).
Ricin (/ ˈ r aɪ s ɪ n / RY-sin) is a lectin (a carbohydrate-binding protein) and a highly potent toxin produced in the seeds of the castor oil plant, Ricinus communis.The median lethal dose (LD 50) of ricin for mice is around 22 micrograms per kilogram of body weight via intraperitoneal injection.
castor oil plant, castor bean, Palma Christi Euphorbiaceae: The seeds contain ricin, an extremely toxic and water-soluble ribosome-inactivating protein; it is also present in lower concentrations in other parts of the plant. Also present are ricinine, an alkaloid, and an irritant oil.
Castor oil is a vegetable oil pressed from castor beans, the seeds of the plant Ricinus communis. [1] The seeds are 40 to 60 percent oil. [2] It is a colourless or pale yellow liquid with a distinct taste and odor. Its boiling point is 313 °C (595 °F) and its density is 0.961 g/cm 3. [3]
The median toxic dose for humans ranges from 10 to 1000 micrograms per kilogram when ingested and is 3.3 micrograms per kilogram when inhaled. [2] Abrin is a ribosome inhibiting protein like ricin, a toxin which can be found in the seeds of the castor oil plant, [3] and pulchellin, a toxin which can be found in the seeds of Abrus pulchellus. [4]
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Castoreum. Castoreum / k æ s ˈ t ɔːr i ə m / is a yellowish exudate from the castor sacs of mature beavers used in combination with urine to scent mark their territory. [1] [2]Both beaver sexes have a pair of castor sacs and a pair of anal glands, located in two cavities under the skin between the pelvis and the base of the tail. [3]