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It is also used in the treatment of high blood potassium, diabetic ketoacidosis, and as part of parenteral nutrition. [2] It is given by injection into a vein. [2] Side effects may include irritation of the vein in which it is given, high blood sugar, and swelling. [2] [3] Excess use may result in low blood sodium and other electrolyte problems ...
Initial treatment generally consists of intravenous fluids to manage dehydration, intravenous insulin in those with significant ketones, low molecular weight heparin to decrease the risk of blood clotting, and antibiotics among those in whom there are concerns of infection. [3] The goal is a slow decline in blood sugar levels. [3]
Acute hyperglycemia involving glucose levels that are extremely high is a medical emergency and can rapidly produce serious complications (such as fluid loss through osmotic diuresis). It is most often seen in persons who have uncontrolled insulin-dependent diabetes. [citation needed]
The primary treatment of DKA is with intravenous fluids and insulin. [1] Depending on the severity, insulin may be given intravenously or by injection under the skin. [3] Usually, potassium is also needed to prevent the development of low blood potassium. [1] Throughout treatment, blood glucose and potassium levels should be regularly checked. [1]
Other than those listed below, common complications of TPN include hypophosphatemia, hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, hypercapnia, decreased copper and zinc levels, elevated prothrombin time (if associated with liver injury), hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis and decreased gastrointestinal motility.
Photograph of Charles Best and Frederick Banting, the inventors of insulin Regular insulin, also known as neutral insulin or soluble insulin, is a type of short-acting medical insulin. [ 61 ] It is used to treat type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes, and complications such as diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic ...
Hyperosmolar syndrome or diabetic hyperosmolar syndrome is a medical emergency caused by a very high blood glucose level.. The prefix "hyper-" means high, and "osmolarity" is a measure of the concentration of active particles in a solution, so the name of the syndrome simply refers to the high concentration of glucose in the blood.
The expected result of the treatment tackles the deeper causes; which are dehydration, acidosis, and hyperglycemia, and initiates a reversal of the ketosis process. [9] While replacing fluid and electrolyte loss, insulin, and acid-placed balance are the aim of this treatment.
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