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In psychology, cognitivism is a theoretical framework for understanding the mind that gained credence in the 1950s. The movement was a response to behaviorism , which cognitivists said neglected to explain cognition .
Originating in the United States in the late 1970s, instructional theory is influenced by three basic theories in educational thought: behaviorism, the theory that helps us understand how people conform to predetermined standards; cognitivism, the theory that learning occurs through mental associations; and constructivism, the theory explores the value of human activity as a critical function ...
Cognitive strategies are the specific methods that people use to solve problems and/or exploit opportunities, including all sorts of reasoning, planning, arithmetic, etc. Importantly, a cognitive strategy need not be all "in the head", but will almost always interact with various aspects of what might be called the "execution context".
Bloom's taxonomy is a source of inspiration for educational philosophy and for developing new teaching strategies, particularly in light of trends in developing global focus on multiple literacies and modalities in learning and the emerging field of integrated disciplines. [24]
Grand strategy – Long-term strategy employed by a nation to further its interests; Dreyfus model of skill acquisition – Model of learning; Dunning–Kruger effect – Cognitive bias about one's own skill; Erikson's stages of psychosocial development – Eight-stage model of psychoanalytic development; Flow – Full immersion in an activity
Prior to Robert Gagné, learning was often thought of as a single, uniform process. [18] There was little or no distinction made between "learning to load a rifle and learning to solve a complex mathematical problem". [18] Gagné offered an alternative view which developed the idea that different learners required different learning strategies ...
Instructional scaffolding is the support given to a student by an instructor throughout the learning process. This support is specifically tailored to each student; this instructional approach allows students to experience student-centered learning, which tends to facilitate more efficient learning than teacher-centered learning.
Universal Design for Learning (UDL) is an educational framework based on research in the learning theory, including cognitive neuroscience, that guides the development of flexible learning environments and learning spaces that can accommodate individual learning differences. [1]