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The gathering of personally identifiable information (PII) refers to the collection of public and private personal data that can be used to identify individuals for various purposes, both legal and illegal. PII gathering is often seen as a privacy threat by data owners, while entities such as technology companies, governments, and organizations ...
Ring signature is a type of digital signature that can be performed by any member of a set of users that each have a pair of cryptographic keys. Format-preserving encryption (FPE), refers to encrypting in such a way that the output (the ciphertext ) is in the same format as the input (the plaintext)
Euler's identity is considered an exemplar of mathematical beauty, as it shows a profound connection between the most fundamental numbers in mathematics. In addition, it is directly used in a proof [ 3 ] [ 4 ] that π is transcendental , which implies the impossibility of squaring the circle .
The signature is used to recognize the phenomenon (the equipment or object) once its distinctive features are detected. [4] MASINT measurement searches for differences from known norms, and characterizes the signatures of new phenomena. For example, the first time a new rocket fuel exhaust is measured, it would be a deviation from a norm.
The Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA) is a public-key cryptosystem and Federal Information Processing Standard for digital signatures, based on the mathematical concept of modular exponentiation and the discrete logarithm problem. In a public-key cryptosystem, a pair of private and public keys are created: data encrypted with either key can ...
A file signature is data used to identify or verify the content of a file. Such signatures are also known as magic numbers or magic bytes. Many file formats are not intended to be read as text. If such a file is accidentally viewed as a text file, its contents will be unintelligible.
In the context of first-order logic, the symbols in a signature are also known as the non-logical symbols, because together with the logical symbols they form the underlying alphabet over which two formal languages are inductively defined: The set of terms over the signature and the set of (well-formed) formulas over the signature.
Blind signature schemes see a great deal of use in applications where sender privacy is important. This includes various "digital cash" schemes and voting protocols.For example, the integrity of some electronic voting system may require that each ballot be certified by an election authority before it can be accepted for counting; this allows the authority to check the credentials of the voter ...