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Memory-mapped I/O is preferred in IA-32 and x86-64 based architectures because the instructions that perform port-based I/O are limited to one register: EAX, AX, and AL are the only registers that data can be moved into or out of, and either a byte-sized immediate value in the instruction or a value in register DX determines which port is the source or destination port of the transfer.
Small Computer System Interface (SCSI, / ˈ s k ʌ z i / SKUZ-ee) [2] is a set of standards for physically connecting and transferring data between computers and peripheral devices, best known for its use with storage devices such as hard disk drives.
A peripheral using the PCI-SIG PCIe Address Translation Services (ATS) Page Request Interface (PRI) extension can detect and signal the need for memory manager services. For system architectures in which port I/O is a distinct address space from the memory address space, an IOMMU is not used when the CPU communicates with devices via I/O ports ...
In computing, input/output (I/O, i/o, or informally io or IO) is the communication between an information processing system, such as a computer, and the outside world, such as another computer system, peripherals, or a human operator. Inputs are the signals or data received by the system and outputs are the signals or data sent from it.
The drives within an A-unit and all other drives in a string had interfaces similar to the early interfaces, above. A-units connected to IBM Directors or integrated attachments . Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) , originally named SASI for Shugart Associates System Interface, is an early (circa 1978) industry standard interface explicitly ...
Also chassis, cabinet, box, tower, enclosure, housing, system unit, or simply case. The enclosure that contains most of the components of a computer, usually excluding the display, keyboard, mouse, and various other peripherals. computer fan An active cooling system forcing airflow inside or around a computer case using a fan to cause air cooling.
A peripheral can be categorized based on the direction in which information flows relative to the computer: The computer receives data from an input device; examples: mouse, keyboard, scanner, game controller, microphone and webcam; The computer sends data to an output device; examples: monitor, printer, headphones, and speakers
Programmed input–output (also programmable input/output, programmed input/output, programmed I/O, PIO) is a method of data transmission, via input/output (I/O), between a central processing unit (CPU) and a peripheral device, [1] such as a Parallel ATA storage device. Each data item transfer is initiated by an instruction in the program ...