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Founder of Stoicism, three branches of philosophy (physics, ethics, logic), [1] Logos, rationality of human nature, phantasiai, katalepsis, world citizenship [2] Zeno of Citium ( / ˈ z iː n oʊ / ; Koinē Greek : Ζήνων ὁ Κιτιεύς , Zēnōn ho Kitieus ; c. 334 – c. 262 BC) was a Hellenistic philosopher from Citium ( Κίτιον ...
Stoicism considers all existence as cyclical, the cosmos as eternally self-creating and self-destroying (see also Eternal return). Stoicism does not posit a beginning or end to the Universe. [31] According to the Stoics, the logos was the active reason or anima mundi pervading and animating the entire Universe. It was conceived as material and ...
Stoic logic is the system of propositional logic developed by the Stoic philosophers in ancient Greece.. It was one of the two great systems of logic in the classical world. It was largely built and shaped by Chrysippus, the third head of the Stoic school in the 3rd-century B
This is a list of Stoic philosophers, ordered (roughly) by date. [Note: Some other philosophers like Socrates and Cynics were the big influencers in Stoicism and are founded quoted by the stoics] The criteria for inclusion in this list are fairly mild.
The ideal Stoic would instead measure things at their real value, [6] and see that the passions are not natural. [8] To be free of the passions is to have a happiness which is self-contained. [8] There would be nothing to fear—for unreason is the only evil; no cause for anger—for others cannot harm you. [8]
Stoicism begins and ends by relating the modern revival of Stoicism as embodied by Epictetus and Marcus Aurelius. [1] It covers the history of the school and its doctrines in what it classified as the three areas of philosophy: physics, ethics and logic. [2]
The Paradoxa Stoicorum (English: Stoic Paradoxes) is a work by the academic skeptic philosopher Cicero in which he attempts to explain six famous Stoic sayings that appear to go against common understanding: (1) virtue is the sole good; (2) virtue is the sole requisite for happiness; (3) all good deeds are equally virtuous and all bad deeds equally vicious; (4) all fools are mad; (5) only the ...
On Passions consisted of four books; of which the first three discussed the Stoic theory of emotions and the fourth book discussed therapy and had a separate title—Therapeutics. Most surviving quotations come from Books 1 and 4, although Galen also provides an account of Book 2 drawn from the 1st-century BCE Stoic philosopher Posidonius ...