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The equatorial circumference is slightly longer than the polar circumference – the measurement based on this ( 40,075.017 km / 360 × 60 = 1,855.3 metres) is known as the geographical mile. Using the definition 1 / 60 of a degree of latitude on Mars , a Martian nautical mile equals to 983 m (1,075 yd).
Mars comes closer to Earth more than any other planet save Venus at its nearest—56 million km is the closest distance between Mars and Earth, whereas the closest Venus comes to Earth is 40 million km. Mars comes closest to Earth every other year, around the time of its opposition, when Earth is sweeping between the Sun and Mars. Extra-close ...
The InSight mission to Mars launched with a C 3 of 8.19 km 2 /s 2. [5] The Parker Solar Probe (via Venus) plans a maximum C 3 of 154 km 2 /s 2. [6] Typical ballistic C 3 (km 2 /s 2) to get from Earth to various planets: Mars 8-16, [7] Jupiter 80, Saturn or Uranus 147. [8] To Pluto (with its orbital inclination) needs about 160–164 km 2 /s 2. [9]
Deimos (/ ˈ d aɪ m ə s /; systematic designation: Mars II) [11] is the smaller and outer of the two natural satellites of Mars, the other being Phobos. Deimos has a mean radius of 6.2 km (3.9 mi) and takes 30.3 hours to orbit Mars. [5] Deimos is 23,460 km (14,580 mi) from Mars, much farther than Mars's other moon, Phobos. [12]
27 km Circumference of the Large Hadron Collider, as of May 2010 the largest and highest energy particle accelerator: 42.195 km Length of a marathon: 10 5: 100 km: 100 km The distance the IAU considers to be the limit to space, called the Karman line: 163 km Length of the Suez Canal, connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea: 491 km
≡ Time of 9 192 631 770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between the two hyperfine levels of the ground state of the caesium-133 atom at 0 K [8] (but other seconds are sometimes used in astronomy). Also that time it takes for light to travel a distance of 299 792 458 metres. (SI base unit) shake: ≡ 10 −8 s = 10 ns ...
Mars hosts many enormous extinct volcanoes (the tallest is Olympus Mons, 21.9 km or 13.6 mi tall) and one of the largest canyons in the Solar System (Valles Marineris, 4,000 km or 2,500 mi long). Geologically , the planet is fairly active with marsquakes trembling underneath the ground, dust devils sweeping across the landscape, and cirrus clouds .
The quadrangles appear as rectangles on maps based on a cylindrical map projection, [1] but their actual shapes on the curved surface of Mars are more complicated Saccheri quadrilaterals. The sixteen equatorial quadrangles are the smallest, with surface areas of 4,500,000 square kilometres (1,700,000 sq mi) each, while the twelve mid-latitude ...