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Hallucinogens are a large and diverse class of psychoactive drugs that can produce altered states of consciousness characterized by major alterations in thought, mood, and perception as well as other changes.
Highly selective serotonin 5-HT 2A receptor agonists have recently been developed and show stimulus generalization to psychedelics, whereas selective serotonin 5-HT 2C receptor agonists do not do so. [82] The head-twitch response (HTR) is induced by serotonergic psychedelics and is a behavioral proxy of psychedelic-like effects in animals.
This is a list of investigational hallucinogens and entactogens, or hallucinogens and entactogens that are currently under formal development for clinical use but are not yet approved. [ 1 ] Chemical/generic names are listed first, with developmental code names, synonyms, and brand names in parentheses.
In the early 1960s the use of LSD and other hallucinogens was advocated by new proponents of consciousness expansion such as Leary, Huxley, Alan Watts and Arthur Koestler, [182] [183] and according to L. R. Veysey they profoundly influenced the thinking of the new generation of youth. [184]
Worship varies greatly by location. In Santiago Atitlán, Maximón's effigy resides in a different household every year. His image is normally only taken out of this house during Holy Week, whereafter it will change households, but is on display year-round due to the popularity of pilgrimages. The effigy has special attendants that stay by the ...
Since 2001, six EU countries have tightened their legislation on psilocybin mushrooms in response to concerns about their prevalence and increasing usage. [51] In the 1990s, hallucinogens and their effects on human consciousness were again the subject of scientific study, particularly in Europe.
Amphetamine is illegally synthesized in clandestine labs and sold on the black market, primarily in European countries. [273] Among European Union (EU) member states in 2018, [update] 11.9 million adults of ages 15–64 have used amphetamine or methamphetamine at least once in their lives and 1.7 million have used either in the last year. [ 274 ]
Ayahuasca [note 1] is a South American psychoactive beverage, traditionally used by Indigenous cultures and folk healers in the Amazon and Orinoco basins for spiritual ceremonies, divination, and healing a variety of psychosomatic complaints.