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1-Triacontanol (n-triacontanol) is a fatty alcohol of the general formula C 30 H 62 O, also known as melissyl alcohol or myricyl alcohol. It is found in plant cuticle waxes and in beeswax . Triacontanol is a growth stimulant for many plants, most notably roses , in which it rapidly increases the number of basal breaks.
The best-known animal wax is beeswax, used in constructing the honeycombs of beehives, but other insects also secrete waxes. A major component of beeswax is myricyl palmitate which is an ester of triacontanol and palmitic acid. Its melting point is 62–65 °C (144–149 °F). Spermaceti occurs in large amounts in the head oil of the sperm whale.
1-Tetradecanol may be prepared by the hydrogenation of myristic acid (or its esters); myristic acid itself can be found in nutmeg (from where it gains its name) but is also present in palm kernel oil and coconut oil and it is from these that the majority of 1-tetradecanol is produced. [3]
Fatty alcohols became commercially available in the early 1900s. They were originally obtained by reduction of wax esters with sodium by the Bouveault–Blanc reduction process. In the 1930s catalytic hydrogenation was commercialized, which allowed the conversion of fatty acid esters, typically tallow, to the alcohols.
Fillets from these fish species contain up to 20% fat, where 90% of the fat comes as wax esters, resulting in a typical intake of more than 30 000 mg wax esters from one single meal. Orange roughy ( Hoplostethus atlanticus) is an attractive food fish with 5.5% fat, where 90% of the fat comes as wax esters.
The most important product of the Carnauba tree is the wax extracted from its leaves. [6] It can be used in floor, leather, furniture, car and shoe polish, and is used in the manufacture of carbon paper, candles, chalk, matches, soap and woodwork stains. [3] [7] It consists of myricyl cerotate and small quantities of cerotic acid and myricyl ...
The wax coating on the fruit of several species, known as bayberry wax, has been used traditionally to make candles. It was used for that purpose by the Robinson family in the novel The Swiss Family Robinson. [9] The foliage of Myrica gale is a traditional insect repellent, used by campers to keep biting insects out of tents.
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