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The continental territory of the historical Carolingian Empire was one of the many old cultural concepts used for mainland Europe. [6] This was consciously invoked in the 1950s as one of the basis for the prospective European integration (see also multi-speed Europe) [7] [8]
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was the union of the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland into one sovereign state, established by the Acts of Union in 1801. [4]
Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and Asia to the east.
Since 1922, the United Kingdom has been made up of four countries: England, Scotland, Wales (which collectively make up Great Britain) and Northern Ireland (variously described as a country, [1] province, [2] [3] [4] jurisdiction [5] or region [6] [7]).
A composed satellite photograph of islands and continental areas in and surrounding the North Sea and Baltic Sea.. The northern region of Europe has several definitions. A restrictive definition may describe northern Europe as being roughly north of the southern coast of the Baltic Sea, which is about 54°N, or may be based on other geographical factors such as climate and ecology.
For government and statistical purposes, Northern England is defined as the area covered by the three northernmost statistical regions of England: North East England, North West England and Yorkshire and the Humber. [5]
The French and British interregnum in the Dutch East Indies of the Dutch East Indies took place between 1806 and 1816. The French ruled between 1806 and 1811, while the British took over for 1811 to 1816 [c] and transferred its control back to the Dutch in 1816.
The approximate positions of some Germanic peoples reported by Graeco-Roman authors in the 1st century. Suevian peoples in red, and other Irminones in purple. The Angles were one of the main Germanic peoples who settled in Great Britain in the post-Roman period. [2]