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In radiography the presence of a "crossover sign" is produced when the posterior wall of the acetabulum crosses the anterior wall before reaching the acetabular roof. It is a sign of acetabular retroversion and it has been linked with overcoverage and pincer impingement. Nevertheless, this sign has been described in 6% of the normal population.
At the lower part of the acetabulum is the acetabular notch, which is continuous with a circular depression, the acetabular fossa, at the bottom of the cavity of the acetabulum. The rest of the acetabulum is formed by a curved, crescent-moon shaped surface, the lunate surface, where the joint is made with the head of the femur.
When either abnormality is present, it changes the position of the femoral head in the hip socket. The increased stresses that the femur and or acetabulum experience may lead to a fracture of the acetabular rim or a detachment of the overstressed labrum. [4] Women are more susceptible to acetabulum labrum tears due to their pelvic anatomy.
Protrusio acetabuli is an uncommon defect of the acetabulum, the socket that receives the femoral head to make the hip joint. The hip bone of the pelvic bone/girdle is composed of three bones, the ilium, the ischium and the pubis. In protrusio deformity, there is medial displacement of the femoral head in that the medial aspect of the femoral ...
The articular cartilage angle (AC angle, also called acetabular index [17] or Hilgenreiner angle) is an angle formed parallel to the weight bearing dome, that is, the acetabular sourcil or "roof", [18] and the horizontal plane, [15] or a line connecting the corner of the triangular cartilage and the lateral acetabular rim. [19]
In contrast, pincer impingement is a result of an abnormality on the acetabular side of the hip joint. [2] The acetabulum may either have a more posterior orientation than normal, otherwise known as acetabular retroversion (seen as the crossover sign on AP radiographs), or there may be extra bone around the rim.
More moderate damage responds better to arthroscopic labral repair, a procedure in which surgical anchors are drilled into the bony acetabular rim and sutures are used to reapproximate the damaged labral tissue. The most severe degrees of labral pathology is often unresponsive to labral repair, with damage far too diffuse for focal debridement.
The acetabular labrum (glenoidal labrum of the hip joint or cotyloid ligament in older texts) is a fibrocartilaginous ring [1] [2] [3] which surrounds the circumference of the acetabulum of the hip, deepening the acetabulum. The labrum is attached onto the bony rim and transverse acetabular ligament. It is triangular in cross-section (with the ...