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Solvay process. The Solvay process or ammonia–soda process is the major industrial process for the production of sodium carbonate (soda ash, Na 2 CO 3 ). The ammonia–soda process was developed into its modern form by the Belgian chemist Ernest Solvay during the 1860s. [ 1] The ingredients for this are readily available and inexpensive: salt ...
Sodium chloride / ˌ s oʊ d i ə m ˈ k l ɔːr aɪ d /, [8] commonly known as edible salt, is an ionic compound with the chemical formula NaCl, representing a 1:1 ratio of sodium and chlorine ions. It is transparent or translucent, brittle, hygroscopic , and occurs as the mineral halite .
The solution is treated with a concentrated salt solution (saline) to make debris such as broken proteins, lipids, and RNA clump together. Centrifugation of the solution, which separates the clumped cellular debris from the DNA. DNA purification from detergents, proteins, salts, and reagents is used during the cell lysis step.
The chloralkali process (also chlor-alkali and chlor alkali) is an industrial process for the electrolysis of sodium chloride (NaCl) solutions. It is the technology used to produce chlorine and sodium hydroxide (caustic soda), [ 1] which are commodity chemicals required by industry. Thirty five million tons of chlorine were prepared by this ...
The process of electrochlorination is a simple application based on the chloralkali process (in an unpartitioned cell). It is the electrolysis of saltwater to produce a chlorinated solution. The first step is removing any solids from the saltwater. Next, the saltwater streams through an electrolyzer cell's channel of decreasing thickness.
Ammonium chloride is an inorganic chemical compound with the chemical formula N H 4 Cl, also written as [NH4]Cl. It is an ammonium salt of hydrogen chloride. It consists of ammonium cations [NH4]+ and chloride anions Cl−. It is a white crystalline salt that is highly soluble in water.
Solvation or dissolution is a kinetic process and is quantified by its rate. Solubility quantifies the dynamic equilibrium state achieved when the rate of dissolution equals the rate of precipitation. The consideration of the units makes the distinction clearer. The typical unit for dissolution rate is mol/s.
Leblanc process. The Leblanc process was an early industrial process for making soda ash ( sodium carbonate) used throughout the 19th century, named after its inventor, Nicolas Leblanc. It involved two stages: making sodium sulfate from sodium chloride, followed by reacting the sodium sulfate with coal and calcium carbonate to make sodium ...