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ploidy/chromosomes chromatids Process Time of completion Oogonium: diploid/46(2N) 2C: Oocytogenesis : Third trimester: primary oocyte: diploid/46(2N) 4C: Ootidogenesis (meiosis I) (Folliculogenesis) Dictyate in prophase I for up to 50 years secondary oocyte: haploid/23(1N) 2C: Ootidogenesis (meiosis II) Halted in metaphase II until ...
Metaphase (from Ancient Greek μετα- beyond, above, transcending and from Ancient Greek φάσις (phásis) 'appearance') is a stage of mitosis in the eukaryotic cell cycle in which chromosomes are at their second-most condensed and coiled stage (they are at their most condensed in anaphase). [1]
[1] [2] These eukaryotic chromosomes display a complex three-dimensional structure that has a significant role in transcriptional regulation. [3] Normally, chromosomes are visible under a light microscope only during the metaphase of cell division, where all chromosomes are aligned in the center of the cell in their condensed form. [4]
Chromosomes at various stages of mitosis.Karyograms are generally made by chromosomes in prometaphase or metaphase. During these phases, the two copies of each chromosome (connected at the centromere) will look as one unless the image resolution is high enough to distinguish the two.
(4) Long arm (q). Several chromosome regions have been defined by convenience and convention in order to talk about gene loci . The largest regions on each chromosome are the short arm p and the long arm q , separated by a narrow region near the center called the centromere . [ 1 ]
During cell division, the identical copies (called a "sister chromatid pair") are joined at the region called the centromere (2). Once the paired sister chromatids have separated from one another (in the anaphase of mitosis ) each is known as a daughter chromosome.
The spindle checkpoint, also known as the metaphase-to-anaphase transition, the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), the metaphase checkpoint, or the mitotic checkpoint, is a cell cycle checkpoint during metaphase of mitosis or meiosis that prevents the separation of the duplicated chromosomes until each chromosome is properly attached to the ...
During the phase of meiosis labeled “interphase s” in the meiosis diagram there is a round of DNA replication, so that each of the chromosomes initially present is now composed of two copies called chromatids. These chromosomes (paired chromatids) then pair with the homologous chromosome (also paired chromatids) present in the same nucleus ...