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However, there is no formal defence treaty with Italy, as Vatican City is a neutral state. Vatican City has no armed forces of its own, although the Swiss Guard is a military corps of the Holy See responsible for the personal security of the Pope, and residents in the state.
Even now, although there is a Vatican State (...) treaties are entered into not by reason of territorial sovereignty over the Vatican State, but on behalf of the Holy See, which exists separately from that State. [15] Similarly, Kunz argued that: Prior to 1870, there were two subjects of international law: the Papal State and the Holy See.
Vatican City is a non-hereditary, elected monarchy that is ruled by the Bishop of Rome — the Pope. The highest state functionaries are all clergymen of the Catholic Church. It is the sovereign territory of the Holy See (Latin: Sancta Sedes) and the location of the Apostolic Palace — the Pope's official residence — and the Roman Curia.
(It) is the universal government of the Catholic Church and operates from the Vatican City State." [46] This agrees exactly with the expression used by the website of the United States Department of State, in giving information on both the Holy See and the Vatican City State: it too says that the Holy See "operates from the Vatican City State ...
Seal of Vatican City State. Vatican City has a legal system distinct from that of Italy. The pope's judicial authority is exercised through the Prefect of the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura, as he by law serves also as the President of the Cassation Court of Vatican City (i.e. the highest court of appeal). [9]
Vatican City State has no military, but resident within it is the Swiss Guard. A Swiss Guard. Military in Vatican City. Command Commander-in-chief: Christoph Graf; Forces — Vatican City lies within Rome, the capital of Italy, and therefore defense is the responsibility of Italy. Army of Vatican City: none, see Military in Vatican City; Army ...
The flag of Vatican City. Vatican City (/ ˈ v æ t ɪ k ə n ˈ s ɪ t i / ⓘ), officially the Vatican City State (Italian: Stato della Città del Vaticano; Latin: Status Civitatis Vaticanae), is a sovereign country, city-state, microstate, and enclave surrounded by, and historically a part of, Rome, Italy.
The President of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State also serves as the head of government of Vatican City, the president of the Governorate of Vatican City State, an office that is distinct from the former title of Governor of Vatican City. [4]
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