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Despite the declaration, the Nuremberg trials decided against classifying participation in planning of the Anschluss as a crime against peace, stating in the judgement of Ernst Kaltenbrunner (who was nonetheless convicted and sentenced to death for other war crimes) that that "the Anschluss, although it was an aggressive act, is not charged as ...
A sham referendum on the Anschluss with Germany was held in German-occupied Austria on 10 April 1938, [1] alongside one in Germany. [2] German troops had already occupied Austria one month earlier, on 12 March 1938. The official result was reported as 99.73% in favour, [3] with a 99.71% turnout. [4]
The founders of the Second Austrian Republic interpreted this slogan to mean that the Anschluss in 1938 was an act of military aggression by Nazi Germany. Austrian statehood had been interrupted and therefore the newly revived Austria of 1945 could not and should not be responsible in any way for the Nazis' crimes.
Kurt Alois Josef Johann von Schuschnigg [a] (German: [ˈʃʊʃnɪk]; 14 December 1897 – 18 November 1977) was an Austrian politician who was the Chancellor of the Federal State of Austria from the 1934 assassination of his predecessor Engelbert Dollfuss until the 1938 Anschluss with Nazi Germany.
The term "the first victim of Germany", as applied to Austria, first appeared in English-speaking journalism in 1938, before the beginning of the Anschluss. [30] Shortly before the outbreak of the war in 1939, the writer Paul Gallico - himself of partly Austrian origin - published the novel The Adventures of Hiram Holliday, part of which is set in post-Anschluss Austria and depicts an Austrian ...
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The Anschluss Commemorative Medal (German: Die Medaille zur Erinnerung an den 13. März 1938 ) was a decoration of Nazi Germany awarded during the interwar period , and the first in a series of Occupation Medals .