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Liberal Christianity, also known as liberal theology and historically as Christian Modernism (see Catholic modernism and Fundamentalist–Modernist controversy), [1] is a movement that interprets Christian teaching by prioritizing modern knowledge, science and ethics. It emphasizes the importance of reason and experience over doctrinal authority.
The conservative Presbyterian biblical scholar J. Gresham Machen criticized what he termed "naturalistic liberalism" in his 1923 book, Christianity and Liberalism, in which he intended to show that "despite the liberal use of traditional phraseology modern liberalism not only is a different religion from Christianity but belongs in a totally ...
Conservative Christianity, also known as conservative theology, theological conservatism, traditional Christianity, [1] [2] or biblical orthodoxy [3] is a grouping of overlapping and denominationally diverse theological movements within Christianity that seeks to retain the orthodox and long-standing traditions and beliefs of Christianity.
The Christian right is also known as the New Christian Right (NCR) or the Religious Right, [2] although some consider the religious right to be "a slightly broader category than Christian Right". [11] [27] John C. Green of the Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life states that Jerry Falwell used the label religious right to describe
Religious conservatives typically oppose abortion, LGBT behavior (or, in certain cases, identity), drug use, [112] and sexual activity outside of marriage. In some cases, conservative values are grounded in religious beliefs, and conservatives seek to increase the role of religion in public life. [113]
The following is the working definition used in Roger Wolsey’s book “Kissing Fish”: "Progressive Christianity is a post-liberal approach to the Christian faith that is influenced by postmodernism and: proclaims Jesus of Nazareth as Christ; emphasizes the Way and teachings of Jesus, not merely His person; emphasizes God’s immanence not ...
Political beliefs and religious beliefs in the United States are closely intertwined, with both affecting the other. [186] [187] Highly educated Americans are more likely to be liberal. In 2015, 44% of Americans with college degrees identified as liberal, while 29% identified as conservative.
Mainline churches hold a range of theological orientations—conservative, moderate and liberal. [78] About half of mainline Protestants describe themselves as liberal. [78] Mainline Christian groups are often more accepting of other beliefs and faiths, affirm the ordination of women, and have become increasingly affirming of gay ordination. [78]