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Contact with Venera 1 was lost 7 days after launch. It was the first spacecraft to fly by Venus, or indeed any planet. [76] Mariner 2: Venus 27 August 1962 14 December 1962 110 days (3 months, 18 days) Mariner 2 flew by Venus at a minimum distance of 34,773 km. It was the first spacecraft to return data from Venus. [77] Mars 1: Mars 1 November 1962
First Canadian satellite (on American rocket), first satellite not constructed by the US or USSR October 2 US: Explorer 14 (EPE-B) Thor-Delta A: Earth Success NASA spacecraft instrumented to measure cosmic-ray particles, trapped particles, solar wind protons, and magnetospheric and interplanetary magnetic fields. October 18 US: Ranger 5: Atlas ...
[a] The first successful large-scale rocket programs were initiated in Nazi Germany by Wernher von Braun. The Soviet Union took the lead in the post-war Space Race, launching the first satellite, [1] the first animal, [2]: 155 the first human [3] and the first woman [4] into orbit. The United States landed the first men on the Moon in 1969 ...
Mariner 1, built to conduct the first American planetary flyby of Venus, was the first spacecraft of NASA's interplanetary Mariner program.Developed by Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and originally planned to be a purpose-built probe launched summer 1962, Mariner 1's design was changed when the Centaur proved unavailable at that early date.
First artificial satellite around another world (the Moon). USSR Luna 10: 23 August 1966: First picture of Earth from another astronomical object (the Moon). First probe to map the Moon. USA Lunar Orbiter 1 [20] 26 January 1967 First sounding rocket launch from Antarctica, a Dragon rocket from the Dumont-d'Urville Antarctic Base. France Dragon ...
Explorer 18 was launched on 27 November 1963 from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS), Florida, with a Thor-Delta C launch vehicle. Explorer 18 was the first satellite of the Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP). Explorer 21 (IMP-B) launched in October 1964 and Explorer 28 (IMP-C) launched in May 1965 also used the same general ...
Sakigake (さきがけ, lit. ' pioneer', 'pathfinder '), known before launch as MS-T5, was Japan's first interplanetary spacecraft and the first deep space probe to be launched by any country other than the US or the Soviet Union.
The list for the year 2025 and for its subsequent years may contain planned launches, but the statistics will only include past launches. For the purpose of these lists, a spaceflight is defined as any flight that crosses the Kármán line, the FAI-recognized edge of space, which is 100 kilometres (62 miles) above mean sea level (AMSL). [1]