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Bullough–Dodd model; Dym equation; Calogero–Degasperis–Fokas equation; Camassa–Holm equation; Drinfeld–Sokolov–Wilson equation; Benjamin–Ono equation; SS model; sausage model; Toda field theories; O(N)-symmetric non-linear sigma models; Ernst equation; massless Schwinger model; supersymmetric sine-Gordon model; supersymmetric sinh ...
The free field model can be solved exactly, and then the solutions to the full model can be expressed as perturbations of the free field solutions, for example using the Dyson series. It should be observed that the decomposition into free fields and interactions is in principle arbitrary.
The Standard Model of particle physics is the theory describing three of the four known fundamental forces (electromagnetic, weak and strong interactions – excluding gravity) in the universe and classifying all known elementary particles.
Articles relating to physical models, smaller or larger physical copies of an object. The object being modelled may be small (for example, an atom) or large (for example, the Solar System ). Subcategories
An example of a continuum theory that is widely studied by lattice models is the QCD lattice model, a discretization of quantum chromodynamics. However, digital physics considers nature fundamentally discrete at the Planck scale, which imposes upper limit to the density of information , aka Holographic principle .
Theoretical physics is a branch of physics that employs mathematical models and abstractions of physical objects and systems to rationalize, explain, and predict natural phenomena. This is in contrast to experimental physics , which uses experimental tools to probe these phenomena.
The quantum Heisenberg model, developed by Werner Heisenberg, is a statistical mechanical model used in the study of critical points and phase transitions of magnetic systems, in which the spins of the magnetic systems are treated quantum mechanically.
The Reynolds stress equation model (RSM), also referred to as second moment closure model, [12] is the most complete classical turbulence modelling approach. Popular eddy-viscosity based models like the k–ε (k–epsilon) model and the k–ω (k–omega) models have significant shortcomings in complex engineering flows. This arises due to the ...