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One of two possible signaling states, such as tone or no tone, or ground connection versus battery connection. Note: if on-hook pertains to one state, off-hook pertains to the other. The idle state, i.e., an open loop of a subscriber line or PBX user loop.
Telecommunication equipment such as fax machines and modems are designed to recognize certain tones, such as dial tone and busy tone. The ITU-T E.180 and E.182 recommendations define the technical characteristics and intended usage of some of these tones. ToneScript is a tone description format that may be used to specify the tone.
The reorder tone, also known as the fast busy tone, or the congestion tone, or all trunks busy (ATB) tone is an audible call progress tone in the public switched telephone network (PSTN) that is returned to a calling party to indicate that the call cannot be processed through the network.
In the past, the call would be forwarded to an intercept operator after usually two readings of the message; today, however, this procedure is not observed, and on some systems a fast busy signal follows the second reading of the message instead. (A busy or an Off-Hook may be used depending on the provider.)
In the United Kingdom, the busy tone is a single 400 Hz tone with equal 0.375 s on/off periods. This was the case even when the UK was still part of the EU. The current 400 Hz/375ms tone was adopted in the mid-to-late 1960s and replaced the older busy tone, which was the same 400 Hz signal but at half the pulse duration, 0.75 s on, 0.75 s off.
Operator assistance refers to service provided by a telephone operator to the calling party of a telephone call.This can include telephone calls made from pay phones, calls placed station-to-station, person-to-person, or collect, third-number calls, calls billed to credit cards, and certain international calls which cannot be dialed directly.
Wright says inspiration for the slang is older than a fax machine itself. “The use of ‘fax’ as a fun phonetic play on ‘facts’ dates back to at least 1837, as documented by the Oxford ...
The signal may be implemented by removal of battery on the circuit (open switching interval) or by polarity reversal of the tip and ring conductors of the telephone line. An analogue telephone line may also send tones, such as a busy signal, reorder tone, or dial tone, to indicate a call has ended.