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Lasting problems include decreased night vision, reduced color discrimination, and localized distortion caused by scarring of the sub-retinal layers. [35] Complications include subretinal neovascularization and pigment epithelial detachment. [36] The disease can re-occur causing progressive vision loss.
Retinal detachment occurs when the retina separates from the layers underneath it. [2] This impairs its function, potentially leading to vision loss. [2] [4] Retinal detachment often requires urgent medical intervention to prevent permanent vision loss. [3] Retinal detachments are divided into three main types based on their distinct causes. [6]
Retinoschisis is an eye disease characterized by the abnormal splitting of the retina's neurosensory layers, usually in the outer plexiform layer.Retinoschisis can be divided into degenerative forms which are very common and almost exclusively involve the peripheral retina and hereditary forms which are rare and involve the central retina and sometimes the peripheral retina.
Duration depends on the cause of the vision loss. Obscured vision due to papilledema may last only seconds, while a severely atherosclerotic carotid artery may be associated with a duration of one to ten minutes. [6] Certainly, additional symptoms may be present with the amaurosis fugax, and those findings will depend on the cause of the ...
Vision loss in toxic and nutritional optic neuropathy is bilateral, symmetric, painless, gradual, and progressive. Dyschromatopsia, a change in color vision, is often the first symptom. Some patients notice that certain colors, particularly red, are less bright or vivid; others have a general loss of color perception.
Diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of vision loss in those 20–74 years old. [ 58 ] The global burden of diabetic retinopathy increased dramatically from 1990 to 2015—from 1.4 million to 2.6 million people with visual impairment; from 0.2 million to 0.4 million blinded—due in large part to the increasing burden of type 2 diabetes in ...
In PCV, sudden blurring of vision or a scotoma in the central field of vision may occur in one or both eyes. [2] Another symptom is metamorphopsia. [1] Signs include polypoidal lesions, orange-red lesions in fundus, subretinal fluid, retinal detachment, subretinal hemorrhages, subretinal fibrinous material, hard exudates and drusen. [1]
Central retinal artery occlusion: CRAO is characterized by painless, acute vision loss in one eye. [11] Central retinal vein occlusion: CRVO causes sudden, painless vision loss that can be mild to severe. [12] Branch retinal vein occlusion: sudden painless vision loss or visual field defect are the main symptom of BRVO. [13]