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Saudi Arabia Railways (SAR; Arabic: الشركة السعودية للخطوط الحديدية), [2] [3] formerly the Saudi Railway Company, is the national railway company of Saudi Arabia. It is de facto a state-owned enterprise , as it is owned by the Public Investment Fund .
Modern railways were introduced in Saudi Arabia after World War II, to facilitate the transport of goods for the Arabian American Oil Company, or Aramco (now Saudi Aramco), from ports located on the coast of the Persian Gulf to warehouses in Dhahran. Construction began in September 1947, and the first line was inaugurated on 20 October 1951.
The Hejaz Railway was a narrow gauge railway (1,050 mm / 3 ft 5 + 11 ⁄ 32 in track gauge) that ran from Damascus to Medina, through the Hejaz region of Saudi Arabia, with a branch line to Haifa on the Mediterranean Sea. It was a part of the Ottoman railway network.
Transport in Saudi Arabia is facilitated through a relatively young system of roads, railways and seaways.Most of the network started construction after the discovery of oil in the Eastern Province in 1952, with the notable exception of Highway 40, which was built to connect the capital Riyadh to the economically productive Eastern Province, and later to the Islamic holy city of Mecca and the ...
The Saudi Railways Organization (SRO) (Arabic: المؤسسة العامة للخطوط الحديدية) was a state-owned railway company that operated part of Saudi Arabia's rail network, along with the Saudi Railway Company (now Saudi Arabia Railways). The SRO operated a network of railways with a total length of approximately 1,380 kilometers.
The Saudi Railway Company will develop the network in Saudi Arabia, Etihad Rail in the UAE, Oman Rail in Oman, and Qatar Rail in Qatar. [ 4 ] The project has met hurdles on account of challenges with the financing of the project exacerbated by volatile oil prices, and lack of alignment of the interests of the six states involved.
The HHR has a service speed of 300 km/h (186 mph), making it the first high-speed railway in Saudi Arabia. [4] Construction began in March 2009 and the railway was officially inaugurated on 25 September 2018, [ 5 ] opening to the public on 11 October 2018.
The North–South Railway line is a 2,750 km (1,709 mi) network of railway lines in central and eastern Saudi Arabia, built and operated by the Saudi Arabia Railways. The primary line of the network connects the capital of the kingdom, Riyadh , to the border with Jordan at Al-Haditha .