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Separation distance Typical phase duration Drift Orbit A (out of sight, out of contact) >2 λ max [note 1] 1 to 20 days Drift Orbit B (in sight, in contact) 2 λ max to 1 kilometer (3,300 ft) 1 to 5 days Proximity Operations A: 1,000–100 meters (3,280–330 ft) 1 to 5 orbits Proximity Operations B: 100–10 meters (328–33 ft) 45 – 90 ...
1 March 1982 Orbital Space Station: Soyuz T-5, Salyut 7: First species of plant to flower in space. [65] Arabidopsis thaliana Valentin Lebedev. USSR 1 July 1982 Trans-Neptunian region: Pioneer 10: First to travel past the orbit of Neptune, the furthest major planet from the Sun. USA 13 June 1983 Venus: Vega 1: First helium balloon atmospheric ...
FreeFlyer has been used to support many spacecraft missions, for mission planning analysis, operational analysis, or both. Specific mission examples include the International Space Station (ISS), [7] the JSpOC Mission System, [8] the Earth Observing System, [9] [10] Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), [11] and Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission (MMS).
Orbit of AMC-8 satellite around the Earth in 2000, transferring from a geostationary transfer orbit to a geostationary orbit. An orbital spaceflight (or orbital flight) is a spaceflight in which a spacecraft is placed on a trajectory where it could remain in space for at least one orbit.
Ground track example from Heavens-Above.An observer in Sicily can see the International Space Station when it enters the circle at 9:26 p.m. The observer would see a bright object appear in the northwest, which would move across the sky to a point almost overhead, where it disappears from view, in the space of three minutes.
ASTOS is a tool dedicated to mission analysis, Trajectory optimization, vehicle design and simulation for space scenarios, i.e. launch, re-entry missions, orbit transfers, Earth observation, navigation, coverage and re-entry safety assessments.
General Mission Analysis Tool (GMAT) is open-source space mission analysis software developed by NASA and private industry. [2]It has been used for several missions, including LCROSS, the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, OSIRIS-REx, the Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission, and the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission.
Systems Tool Kit (formerly Satellite Tool Kit), often referred to by its initials STK, is a multi-physics software application from Analytical Graphics, Inc. (an Ansys company) that enables engineers and scientists to perform complex analyses of ground, sea, air, and space platforms, and to share results in one integrated environment. [1]