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Thyroxine, also known as T 4, is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland. It is the primary form of thyroid hormone found in the blood and acts as a prohormone of the more active thyroid hormone, triiodothyronine (T 3 ). [ 1 ]
Thyroid hormones act on nearly every cell in the body. They act to increase the basal metabolic rate , affect protein synthesis , help regulate long bone growth (synergy with growth hormone ) and neural maturation, and increase the body's sensitivity to catecholamines (such as adrenaline ) by permissiveness . [ 12 ]
Thyroxine is critical to metabolic regulation, and growth throughout the vertebrate clade. Iodine and T 4 trigger the change from a plant-eating water-dwelling tadpole into a meat-eating land-dwelling frog , with better neurological, visuospatial, smell and cognitive abilities for hunting, as seen in other predatory animals.
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (also known as thyrotropin, thyrotropic hormone, or abbreviated TSH) is a pituitary hormone that stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine (T 4), and then triiodothyronine (T 3) which stimulates the metabolism of almost every tissue in the body. [1]
Thyroid follicular cells (also called thyroid epithelial cells or thyrocytes [1]) are the major cell type in the thyroid gland, and are responsible for the production and secretion of the thyroid hormones thyroxine (T 4) and triiodothyronine (T 3).
Hypothyroidism is a disease in which the thyroid does not produce enough thyroid hormone. Patients with this condition have also presented with symptoms similar to hyperthyroidism. In contrast to hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism is a disease in which the thyroid produces too much thyroid hormone. Due to the large array of potential symptoms ...
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The compound migrated close to thyroxine in chromatography and they initially named it 'unknown 1' . Around that time a group led by Jean Roche in Paris described a deiodinating activity in the sheep thyroid gland, raising the possibility that 'unknown 1' is the less iodinated analogue of T4, triiodothyronine. [ 24 ]
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