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Types include proximal humeral fractures, humeral shaft fractures, and distal humeral fractures. [1] [2] Diagnosis is generally confirmed by X-rays. [2] A CT scan may be done in proximal fractures to gather further details. [2] Treatment options may include a sling, splint, brace, or surgery. [1]
A supracondylar humerus fracture is a fracture of the distal humerus just above the elbow joint. The fracture is usually transverse or oblique and above the medial and lateral condyles and epicondyles. This fracture pattern is relatively rare in adults, but is the most common type of elbow fracture in children. [1]
Examiner will passively abduct the patient's shoulder (humerus) to 90 degrees. The patient is then asked to slowly lower or adduct the shoulder to their side. If the patient is unable to perform this motion, the examiner can hold the humerus at 90 degrees of abduction and apply slight pressure to the distal forearm.
Repair is largely viable in cases of acute UCL avulsion type-injury at the proximal or distal end, with the main benefit of the procedure is reduced rehabilitation time compared to that of UCL reconstruction. [12] Early attempts at UCL repair yielded poor results and were largely abandoned until anchor fixation was improved in 2008. [12]
It is vulnerable to injury with fractures of the humeral shaft as it lies in very close proximity to the bone (it descends within the spiral groove on the posterior aspect of the humerus). Characteristic findings following injury will be as a result of radial nerve palsy (e.g. weakness of wrist/finger extension and sensory loss over the dorsum ...
The ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) or internal lateral ligament is a thick triangular ligament at the medial aspect of the elbow uniting the distal aspect of the humerus to the proximal aspect of the ulna.
The Milch classification is a system of categorizing single column (AO type B) distal humerus fractures based on the pattern of epicondyle involvement. It is distinct from the Jupiter classification which is used for bicolumnar distal humerus fractures.
It originates from the anterior aspect of the distal humerus; [1] it inserts onto the tuberosity of the ulna. It is innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve, [2] and commonly also receives additional innervation from the radial nerve. [3] The brachialis is the prime mover of elbow flexion generating about 50% more power than the biceps.