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  2. Successive-approximation ADC - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Successive-approximation_ADC

    The switched capacitor array acts as both the sample-and-hold element and the DAC. Redistributing their charge will adjust their net voltage, which is feed into the negative input of a comparator (whose positive input is always grounded) to perform the binary search using the following steps: [4] [5] 3 bit capacitive ADC, using V ref = 5V.

  3. RC time constant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RC_time_constant

    It is the time required to charge the capacitor, through the resistor, from an initial charge voltage of zero to approximately 63.2% of the value of an applied DC voltage, or to discharge the capacitor through the same resistor to approximately 36.8% of its initial charge voltage.

  4. Memory cell (computing) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_cell_(computing)

    The storage element of the DRAM memory cell is the capacitor labeled (4) in the diagram above. The charge stored in the capacitor degrades over time, so its value must be refreshed (read and rewritten) periodically. The nMOS transistor (3) acts as a gate to allow reading or writing when open or storing when closed. [37]

  5. Capacitance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitance

    Combining the equation for capacitance with the above equation for the energy stored in a capacitor, for a flat-plate capacitor the energy stored is: = =. where is the energy, in joules; is the capacitance, in farads; and is the voltage, in volts.

  6. Sample and hold - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sample_and_hold

    A typical sample and hold circuit stores electric charge in a capacitor and contains at least one switching device such as a FET (field effect transistor) switch and normally one operational amplifier. [2] To sample the input signal, the switch connects the capacitor to the output of a buffer amplifier. The buffer amplifier charges or ...

  7. Marx generator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marx_generator

    Marx generator diagrams; Although the left capacitor has the greatest charge rate, the generator is typically allowed to charge for a long period of time, and all capacitors eventually reach the same charge voltage. The circuit generates a high-voltage pulse by charging a number of capacitors in parallel, then suddenly connecting them in series ...

  8. Static synchronous compensator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Static_synchronous_compensator

    The MMC topology is similar to the three-level in that switching on various IGBTs will connect different capacitors to the circuit. As each IGBT "switch" has its own capacitor, voltage can be built up in discrete steps. Adding additional levels increases the number of steps, better approximating a sine wave.

  9. Voltage multiplier - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage_multiplier

    In reality, more cycles are required for C 4 to reach the full voltage, and the voltage of each capacitor is lowered by the forward voltage drop (U f) of each diode on the path to that capacitor. For example, the voltage of C 4 in the example would be at most 2U s - 4U f since there are 4 diodes between its positive terminal and the source.