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Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), also known as dimethylpolysiloxane or dimethicone, is a silicone polymer with a wide variety of uses, from cosmetics to industrial lubrication and passive daytime radiative cooling. [1] [2] [3] PDMS is particularly known for its unusual rheological (or flow) properties.
Hydrolysis of a silyldichloride can afford linear or cyclic products. Linear products are terminated with silanol groups: n R 2 Si(OH) 2 → H(R 2 SiO) n OH + (n − 1) H 2 O. Cyclic products have no silanol termini: n R 2 Si(OH) 2 → (R 2 SiO) n + n H 2 O. The linear products, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), are of great commercial value.
The original coral-colored Silly Putty is composed of 65% dimethylsiloxane (hydroxy-terminated polymers with boric acid), 17% silica (crystalline quartz), 9% Thixatrol ST (castor oil derivative), 4% polydimethylsiloxane, 1% decamethyl cyclopentasiloxane, 1% glycerine, and 1% titanium dioxide. [6] Silly Putty flowing through a hole
Polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS) is a polymer with the general structure [−CH 3 (H)Si−O−].It is used in organic chemistry as a mild and stable reducing agent easily transferring hydrides to metal centers and a number of other reducible functional groups.
TMS is a contaminant in the atmospheres of spacecraft, where it arises from the degradation of silicone-based materials. [5] Specifically, it is the volatile product from the hydrolysis of polydimethylsiloxane, which are generally terminated with trimethylsilyl groups:
PDMS stamps are pieces of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), a silicone, that have been patterned usually against a master mold to form a relief pattern used in soft lithography. This PDMS stamp can be used in either its current form as a relief surface for techniques such as microcontact printing or can also be attached to an external source by ...
Silyl-modified polymers (SMP; also silane-modified polymers, modified-silane polymers, MS polymers, silane-terminated polymers, etc.) are polymers terminating with a silyl group. SMPs are the main components in solvent-free and isocyanate-free sealant and adhesive products. [1]
Radical polymerisation of unsaturated monomers is generally propagated by C-radicals. These can be effectively terminated by combining with other radicals to form neutral species and many true inhibitors operate through this mechanism. In the simplest example oxygen can be used as it exists naturally in its triplet state (i.e. it is a diradical).