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  2. List of aqueous ions by element - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../List_of_aqueous_ions_by_element

    Some hydroxides of non-metallic elements are soluble in water; they are not included in the following table. Examples cited by Baes and Mesmer (p. 413) include hydroxides of Gallium(III), Indium(III), Thallium(III), Arsenic(III), Antimony(III) and Bismuth(III). Most hydroxides of transition metals are classified as being "insoluble" in water.

  3. Metal ions in aqueous solution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metal_ions_in_aqueous_solution

    A metal ion in aqueous solution or aqua ion is a cation, dissolved in water, of chemical formula [M(H 2 O) n] z+.The solvation number, n, determined by a variety of experimental methods is 4 for Li + and Be 2+ and 6 for most elements in periods 3 and 4 of the periodic table.

  4. Ionic bonding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionic_bonding

    For example, common table salt is sodium chloride. When sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) are combined, the sodium atoms each lose an electron, forming cations (Na +), and the chlorine atoms each gain an electron to form anions (Cl −). These ions are then attracted to each other in a 1:1 ratio to form sodium chloride (NaCl). Na + Cl → Na + + Cl ...

  5. Ion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion

    There are additional names used for ions with multiple charges. For example, an ion with a −2 charge is known as a dianion and an ion with a +2 charge is known as a dication. A zwitterion is a neutral molecule with positive and negative charges at different locations within that molecule. [17]

  6. Aqueous solution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqueous_solution

    In an aqueous solution the hydrogen ions (H +) and hydroxide ions (OH −) are in Arrhenius balance ([H +] [OH −] = K w = 1 x 10 −14 at 298 K). Acids and bases are aqueous solutions, as part of their Arrhenius definitions. [1] An example of an Arrhenius acid is hydrogen chloride (HCl) because of its dissociation of the hydrogen ion when ...

  7. Alkaline earth metal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkaline_earth_metal

    In solution. Mg 2+ Disodium phosphate is a very selective reagent for magnesium ions and, in the presence of ammonium salts and ammonia, forms a white precipitate of ammonium magnesium phosphate. Mg 2+ + NH 3 + Na 2 HPO 4 → (NH 4)MgPO 4 + 2Na + Ca 2+ Ca 2+ forms a white precipitate with ammonium oxalate. Calcium oxalate is insoluble in water ...

  8. Ion association - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion_association

    In chemistry, ion association is a chemical reaction whereby ions of opposite electric charge come together in solution to form a distinct chemical entity. [1] [2] Ion associates are classified, according to the number of ions that associate with each other, as ion pairs, ion triplets, etc. Ion pairs are also classified according to the nature of the interaction as contact, solvent-shared or ...

  9. Ionic strength - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionic_strength

    The molar ionic strength, I, of a solution is a function of the concentration of all ions present in that solution. [3]= = where one half is because we are including both cations and anions, c i is the molar concentration of ion i (M, mol/L), z i is the charge number of that ion, and the sum is taken over all ions in the solution.