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Sinharaja Forest Reserve is a forest reserve and a biodiversity hotspot in Sri Lanka. It is of international significance and has been designated a Biosphere Reserve and World Heritage Site by UNESCO. [1] According to International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Sinharaja is the country's last viable area of primary tropical rainforest.
The protected areas that fall under supervision of the Department of Forest Conservation include forests defined in National Heritage Wilderness Area Act in 1988, forest reservations, and forests managed for sustainability. [2] Sinharaja Forest Reserve is an example for a National Heritage forest (it is also a World Heritage Site).
World Heritage Site Sinharaja Forest Reserve is an important forest in this ecoregion Lowland rain forest in the Western Province. The Sri Lanka lowland rain forests represents Sri Lanka's Tropical rainforests below 1,000 m (3,281 ft) in elevation in the southwestern part of the island.
Sinharaja Forest Reserve: Sabaragamuwa and Southern: 1988 405; ix, x (natural) Sinharaja Forest Reserve comprises some of Sri Lanka's last relatively undisturbed rain forests. The flora is a relic of the ancient Gondwanaland supercontinent, and it is important for the study of biological evolution and continental drift.
Sinharaja Forest Reserve Sabaragamuwa and Southern Province , Sri Lanka 6°25′N 80°30′E / 6.417°N 80.500°E / 6.417; 80.500 ( Sinharaja Forest
This is the first Sri Lankan World Heritage site to be designated in 22 years, since the Sinharaja Forest Reserve was enlisted in 1988. [2] Originally submitted for inscription as a mixed cultural and natural site, the Committee recognized only the natural values of the site. [ 3 ]
Forest coverage is about 70% tropical dry monsoon forests, 15% tropical moist monsoon forests and 5% tropical lower montane forests. By the dawn of the 19th century, Sri Lanka's forest cover was estimated at up to 70% of the total land area. Since then, the forest cover has decreased progressively over time.
The Sinharaja Forest Reserve, protecting tropical lowland rain forest in Sri Lanka The history of environmental policy and law in Sri Lanka however goes back much further in history. In 1848, the Timber Ordinance No.24 was signed for the reservation of forests, largely for timber production. [ 20 ]