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Number 16 (c. 1974 – 2016), also known as #16, [1] was a wild female trapdoor spider (Gaius villosus, family Idiopidae) that lived in North Bungulla Reserve near Tammin, Western Australia. She lived an estimated 43 years and became the longest-lived spider on record, beating a 28-year-old tarantula who previously held the title. [1]
The species name parilarilao also forms a part of its alternative name, the parilarilao trapdoor spider. In the Paiwan language , parilarilao means "living at the end of Taiwan". [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Despite several searches during the species identification process, only female I. parilarilao specimens were found.
Trapdoor spider is a common name that is used to refer to various spiders from several different groups that create burrows with a silk-hinged trapdoor to help them ambush prey. Several families within the infraorder Mygalomorphae contain trapdoor spiders: Actinopodidae, a family otherwise known as 'mouse-spiders', in South America and Australia
Cyclocosmia ricketti (Chinese: 里氏盤腹蛛; pinyin: Lǐ shì pán fù zhū), commonly known as the Chinese hourglass spider (which generally refers to its genus), is a species of trapdoor spider of the genus Cyclocosmia, which refers specifically to mygalomorphus animals.
Gaius villosus is a species of spider in the family Idiopidae (armored trapdoor spiders) found in Western Australia in a variety of different habitats. [2]Originally described in 1914 as Gaius villosus by William Joseph Rainbow, [1] [3] in 1957 it was transferred to Anidiops by Barbara Main [1] [4] (a genus no longer recognized).
Some flies in the family Acroceridae that are endoparasites of mygalomorphs may remain dormant in their book lungs for as long as 10 years before beginning their development and consuming the spider. [5] One female trapdoor spider, first recorded in a survey in 1974 in Western Australia, is known to have lived for 43 years. [6]
Ctenizidae (/ ˈ t ə n ɪ z ə d iː / tə-NIZZ-ə-dee) [2] is a small family of mygalomorph spiders that construct burrows with a cork-like trapdoor made of soil, vegetation, and silk. . They may be called trapdoor spiders, as are other, similar species, such as those of the families Liphistiidae, Barychelidae, and Cyrtaucheniidae, and some species in the Idiopidae and Nemesiid
Each burrow has two or three entrances that lead into a main tube. The trapdoor is a form of safety and ways of ambushing prey. Idiopidae adapt and live in many various environments as seen by the map on the far right, which leads to the various species to co-exist with other Idiopidae and other spiders outside of the family. [4]