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The word lac is derived from the Sanskrit word lākshā '(लाक्षा) representing the number 100 thousand, which was used for both the lac insect (because of their enormous number) and the scarlet resinous secretion it produces that was used as wood finish, lacquerware, skin cosmetic, ornaments and dye for wool and silk in ancient India and neighbouring areas.
The color of the dye can be modified by the choice of mordant from violet to red to brown. The use of lac dye can be traced back to 250 AD when it was mentioned by Claudius Aelianus, a Roman writer on a volume about natural history. This pigment made from lac dye, Indian Lake, was listed by Winsor & Newton in their 1896 catalogue.
Lac tubes created by Kerria lacca. Kerria lacca is a species of insect in the family Kerriidae, the lac insects.These are in the superfamily Coccoidea, the scale insects.. This species is perhaps the most commercially important lac insect, being a main source of lac, a resin which can be refined into shellac and other product
A lake pigment is a pigment made by precipitating a dye with an inert binder, or mordant, usually a metallic salt. Lake pigments are largely chemically organic. [1] Manufacturers and suppliers to artists and industry frequently omit the lake designation in the name. Many lake pigments are fugitive because the dyes involved are not lightfast.
The major color components in their respective chemical structures are carminic acid (in cochineal dyes), kermesic acid (in kermes dye) and laccaic acids (in lac dye). [ 22 ] Carminic acid is extracted from the female cochineal insects and is treated to produce carmine , which can yield shades of red such as crimson and scarlet . [ 23 ]
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Natural dyes are dyes or colorants derived from plants, invertebrates, or minerals. The majority of natural dyes are vegetable dyes from plant sources—roots, berries, bark, leaves, and wood—and other biological sources such as fungi. [1] Archaeologists have found evidence of textile dyeing dating back to the Neolithic period.
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