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The calcarine sulcus (or calcarine fissure) is an anatomical landmark located at the caudal end of the medial surface of the brain of humans and other primates. Its name comes from the Latin "calcar" meaning "spur". It is very deep, and known as a complete sulcus.
Complete sulcus is very deep so as to cause elevation in the walls of the lateral ventricle. Examples are the collateral and calcarine sulci. Incomplete sulci are superficially situated and are not very deep, E.g. paracentral sulcus. Cell mechanisms of radial glial cells, and Sonic hedgehog protein signalling promote cortical folding
Human V1 is located on the medial side of the occipital lobe within the calcarine sulcus; the full extent of V1 often continues onto the occipital pole. V1 is often also called striate cortex because it can be identified by a large stripe of myelin, the stria of Gennari. Visually driven regions outside V1 are called extrastriate cortex.
The foreshortening of the central sulcus has been found to be an abnormality associated with this syndrome. [14] This can be seen with the abnormal dorsal end of the central sulcus in individuals with Williams syndrome. [14] However, the abnormal dorsal end of the central sulcus has not been found to be linked to impaired general intelligence. [14]
The primary visual cortex (V1) is located in and around the calcarine fissure in the occipital lobe.Each hemisphere's V1 receives information directly from its ipsilateral lateral geniculate nucleus that receives signals from the contralateral visual hemifield.
It is also known as the medial occipitotemporal sulcus. [ 1 ] Behind, it lies below and lateral to the calcarine fissure , from which it is separated by the lingual gyrus ; in front, it is situated between the parahippocampal gyrus and the anterior part of the fusiform gyrus .
“The concentrations we saw in the brain tissue of normal individuals, who had an average age of around 45 or 50 years old, were 4,800 micrograms per gram, or 0.48% by weight,” Campen said.
The cuneus (from Latin 'wedge'; pl.: cunei) is a smaller lobe in the occipital lobe of the brain. The cuneus is bounded anteriorly by the parieto-occipital sulcus and inferiorly by the calcarine sulcus.