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In music theory, an interval is a difference in pitch between two sounds. [ 1 ] An interval may be described as horizontal, linear, or melodic if it refers to successively sounding tones, such as two adjacent pitches in a melody, and vertical or harmonic if it pertains to simultaneously sounding tones, such as in a chord. [ 2 ][ 3 ] In Western ...
More generally, a step is a smaller or narrower interval in a musical line, and a skip is a wider or larger interval with the categorization of intervals into steps and skips is determined by the tuning system and the pitch space used. Melodic motion in which the interval between any two consecutive pitches is no more than a step, or, less ...
Some music teachers teach their students relative pitch by having them associate each possible interval with the first interval of a popular song. [1] Such songs are known as "reference songs". [ 2 ] However, others have shown that such familiar-melody associations are quite limited in scope, applicable only to the specific scale-degrees found ...
In music theory, Roman numeral analysis is a type of harmonic analysis in which chords are represented by Roman numerals, which encode the chord's degree and harmonic function within a given musical key. Specific notation conventions vary: some theorists use uppercase numerals (e.g. I, IV, V) to represent major chords, and lowercase numerals (e ...
perfect fifth. In music theory, a perfect fifth is the musical interval corresponding to a pair of pitches with a frequency ratio of 3:2, or very nearly so. In classical music from Western culture, a fifth is the interval from the first to the last of the first five consecutive notes in a diatonic scale. [1]
List of pitch intervals. Comparison between tunings: Pythagorean, equal-tempered, quarter-comma meantone, and others. For each, the common origin is arbitrarily chosen as C. The degrees are arranged in the order or the cycle of fifths; as in each of these tunings except just intonation all fifths are of the same size, the tunings appear as ...
Ordered Pitch Interval. The ordered pitch interval. is the number of semitones that separates one pitch from another, upward or downward. [2] It is thus more specific than the unordered pitch interval in that it represents the directionality of the interval. An ordered pitch interval always includes a plus or minus sign.
In music, two written notes have enharmonic equivalence if they produce the same pitch but are notated differently. Similarly, written intervals, chords, or key signatures are considered enharmonic if they represent identical pitches that are notated differently. The term derives from Latin enharmonicus, in turn from Late Latin enarmonius, from ...