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Magnesium is a chemical element; it has symbol Mg and atomic number 12. It is a shiny gray metal having a low density, low melting point and high chemical reactivity. Like the other alkaline earth metals (group 2 of the periodic table) it occurs naturally only in combination with other elements and it almost always has an oxidation state of +2.
Magnesium alloys are mixtures of magnesium (the lightest structural metal) with other metals (called an alloy), often aluminium, zinc, manganese, silicon, copper, rare earths and zirconium. Magnesium alloys have a hexagonal lattice structure, which affects the fundamental properties of these alloys. Plastic deformation of the hexagonal lattice ...
Isotopes of magnesium (12Mg) Mg. There are 19 radioisotopes that have been discovered, ranging from 18. Mg). The longest-lived radioisotope is 28. Mg with a half-life of 20.915 (9) h. The lighter isotopes mostly decay to isotopes of sodium while the heavier isotopes decay to isotopes of aluminium. The shortest-lived is proton-unbound 18.
Magnesium oxide (Mg O), or magnesia, is a white hygroscopic solid mineral that occurs naturally as periclase and is a source of magnesium (see also oxide). It has an empirical formula of MgO and consists of a lattice of Mg 2+ ions and O 2− ions held together by ionic bonding. Magnesium hydroxide forms in the presence of water (MgO + H 2 O → ...
Magnesium is an essential element in biological systems. Magnesium occurs typically as the Mg 2+ ion. It is an essential mineral nutrient (i.e., element) for life [1][2][3][4] and is present in every cell type in every organism. For example, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the main source of energy in cells, must bind to a magnesium ion in order ...
The structures of solid magnesium citrates have been characterized by X-ray crystallography.In the 1:1 salt, only one carboxylate of citrate is deprotonated. It has the formula Mg(H 2 C 6 H 5 O 7) 2 The other form of magnesium citrate has the formula Mg(HC 6 H 5 O 7)(H 2 O) 2, consisting of the citrate dianion (both carboxylic acids are deprotonated). [1]
Magnesium reacted with an alkyl halide gives a Grignard reagent, which is a very useful tool for preparing alcohols. Magnesium salts are included in various foods, fertilizers (magnesium is a component of chlorophyll), and microbe culture media. Magnesium sulfite is used in the manufacture of paper (sulfite process).
Anhydrous magnesium acetate has the chemical formula Mg (C 2 H 3 O 2) 2 and in its hydrated form, magnesium acetate tetrahydrate, it has the chemical formula Mg (CH 3 COO) 2 • 4H 2 O. In this compound magnesium has an oxidation state of 2 +. Magnesium acetate is the magnesium salt of acetic acid. [1] It is deliquescent and upon heating, it ...