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2. Atrial septal defect - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrial_septal_defect

   Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a congenital heart defect in which blood flows between the atria (upper chambers) of the heart. Some flow is a normal condition both pre-birth and immediately post-birth via the foramen ovale; however, when this does not naturally close after birth it is referred to as a patent (open) foramen ovale (PFO).

3. Tetralogy of Fallot - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetralogy_of_Fallot

   Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), formerly known as Steno-Fallot tetralogy, [9] is a congenital heart defect characterized by four specific cardiac defects. [4] Classically, the four defects are: [4] pulmonary stenosis, which is narrowing of the exit from the right ventricle; a ventricular septal defect, which is a hole allowing blood to flow between ...

4. Congenital heart defect - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congenital_heart_defect

   Congenital heart defect. A congenital heart defect (CHD), also known as a congenital heart anomaly, congenital cardiovascular malformation, and congenital heart disease, is a defect in the structure of the heart or great vessels that is present at birth. [ 7 ] A congenital heart defect is classed as a cardiovascular disease. [ 10 ]

5. Transposition of the great vessels - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transposition_of_the_great...

   Specialty. Medical genetics. Transposition of the great vessels (TGV) is a group of congenital heart defects involving an abnormal spatial arrangement of any of the great vessels: superior and/or inferior venae cavae, pulmonary artery, pulmonary veins, and aorta. Congenital heart diseases involving only the primary arteries (pulmonary artery ...

6. Eisenmenger syndrome - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eisenmenger_syndrome

   Eisenmenger syndrome or Eisenmenger's syndrome is defined as the process in which a long-standing left-to-right cardiac shunt caused by a congenital heart defect (typically by a ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, or less commonly, patent ductus arteriosus) causes pulmonary hypertension [1] [2] and eventual reversal of the shunt into a cyanotic right-to-left shunt.

7. Cardiac shunt - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_shunt

   The most common congenital heart defects (CHDs) which cause shunting are atrial septal defects (ASD), patent foramen ovale (PFO), ventricular septal defects (VSD), and patent ductus arteriosi (PDA). In isolation, these defects may be asymptomatic , or they may produce symptoms which can range from mild to severe, and which can either have an ...