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Plant stem. This above-ground stem of Polygonum has lost its leaves, but is producing adventitious roots from the nodes. A stem is one of two main structural axes of a vascular plant, the other being the root. It supports leaves, flowers and fruits, transports water and dissolved substances between the roots and the shoots in the xylem and ...
A floral diagram is a schematic cross-section through a young flower. [1] It may be also defined as “projection of the flower perpendicular to its axis”. [3] It usually shows the number of floral parts, [Note 2] their sizes, relative positions and fusion. Different organs are represented by distinguishable symbols, which may be uniform for ...
A vascular bundle is a part of the transport system in vascular plants. The transport itself happens in the stem, which exists in two forms: xylem and phloem. Both these tissues are present in a vascular bundle, which in addition will include supporting and protective tissues. There is also a tissue between xylem and phloem, which is the cambium.
Diagram of flower parts. In botany, floral morphology is the study of the diversity of forms and structures presented by the flower, which, by definition, is a branch of limited growth that bears the modified leaves responsible for reproduction and protection of the gametes, called floral pieces. [note 1] Fertile leaves or sporophylls carry ...
Helianthus stem in section. The cells of the vascular cambium (F) divide to form phloem on the outside, located beneath the bundle cap (E), and xylem (D) on the inside. Most of the vascular cambium is here in vascular bundles (ovals of phloem and xylem together) but it is starting to join these up as at point F between the bundles.
In botany, a cortex is an outer layer of a stem or root in a vascular plant, lying below the epidermis but outside of the vascular bundles. [1] The cortex is composed mostly of large thin-walled parenchyma cells of the ground tissue system and shows little to no structural differentiation. [2] The outer cortical cells often acquire irregularly ...
Bark (botany) The bark of Pinus thunbergii is made up of countless shiny layers. Bark is the outermost layer of stems and roots of woody plants. Plants with bark include trees, woody vines, and shrubs. Bark refers to all the tissues outside the vascular cambium and is a nontechnical term. [1] It overlays the wood and consists of the inner bark ...
Rosette – cluster of leaves with very short internodes that are crowded together, normally on the surface of the soil but sometimes higher on the stem. Rostellate – like a rosette (cf. rostellum). Rosulate – arranged into a rosette. Runner – an elongated, slender branch that roots at the nodes or tip.