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Spirituality for use in Health Research: Domain / Chapter Title. Sample Item. Daily Spiritual Experiences (Lynn G. Underwood) I find strength and comfort in my religion.* Meaning (Kenneth I. Pargament) My spirituality helps define the goals I set for myself. Values (Ellen Idler) My whole approach to life is based on my religion. Beliefs
Since the inclusion of spiritual health within WHO's purview, a number of other significant organizations have also attended to spirituality and incorporated reference to it in key documents, including the United Nations action plan Agenda 21 [68] which recognizes the right of individuals to "healthy physical, mental, and spiritual development".
Spiritual wellbeing has been associated with positive physical health outcomes in research. [1] [2] [5] Spirituality reduces the likelihood of illness and is strongly related to increased longevity. [5] For example, it lowers the rate of heart disease, cirrhosis, emphysema, stroke, kidney failure, cancer mortality, overall mortality. [1]
Handbook of Religion and Health is a scholarly book about the relation of spirituality and religion with physical and mental health. Written by Harold G. Koenig, Michael E. McCullough, and David B. Larson, the first edition was published in the United States in 2001.
Religion is considered to be more formal and upheld than spirituality. [24] Spirituality, on the other hand, is a measure of one's intrinsic relationship with their God. Spirituality is viewed and studied as being more free-formed and psychological. Also, spirituality is considered to be a private experience that promotes a process of growing. [24]
Research on the five factor model of personality suggests that people who identify as religious are more likely to be agreeable and conscientious. [93] Similarly, people who identify as spiritual are more likely to be extrovert and open, although this varies based on the type of spirituality endorsed. [94]
The book probes deeply into the complexities of the topic and is encyclopedic in its coverage of the research; it is therefore somewhat daunting in size. By not avoiding the theoretical controversies and empirical weaknesses in this area, the conclusions are sometimes uncertain and the implications more muddy than in less open-eyed, more ...
Christian Scientists believe that healing through prayer is possible insofar as it succeeds in bringing the spiritual reality of health into human experience. [71] Prayer does not change the spiritual creation but gives a clearer view of it, and the result appears in the human scene as healing: the human picture adjusts to coincide more nearly ...