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Black homesteaders established their claims under a number of different federal laws. The most significant of these was the Homestead Act of 1862 , a landmark U.S. law that opened ownership of public lands to male citizens (who had never borne arms against the United States), widows, single women, and immigrants pledging to become citizens.
African Americans in the United States have a unique history of homesteading, in part due to historical discrimination and legacies of enslavement. Black American communities were negatively impacted by the Homestead Act's implementation, which was designed to give land to those who had been enslaved and other underprivileged groups. The act ...
The new presidential order required black landowners to return the land to the white rice plantation farmers, a move that was vehemently opposed by the black landowners. [3] When black Americans finally gained citizenship in 1866, Congress passed the Southern Homestead Act.
The Southern Homestead Act of 1866 was a United States federal law intended to offer land to prospective farmers, white and black, in the South following the American Civil War. It was repealed in 1876 after mostly benefiting white recipients.
In 1906, Benjamin Blair traveled to Yankton, South Dakota, where he met with other African-American homesteaders to establish the Northwestern Homestead Movement.This group stated its mission as "bringing a better class of intelligent negroes from the southern states to South Dakota, to file on land in colonies and in the case of those having the means, to buy land outright". [12]
The intent of the Homestead Act of 1862 [24] [25] was to reduce the cost of homesteading under the Preemption Act; after the South seceded and their delegates left Congress in 1861, the Republicans and supporters from the upper South passed a homestead act signed by Abraham Lincoln on May 20, 1862, which went into effect on Jan. 1st, 1863.
Dearfield is an extinct town and a historically black majority settlement in Weld County, Colorado, United States.It is 30 miles (48 km) east of Greeley.The town was formed by Oliver Toussaint Jackson, who desired to create a colony for African American homesteaders. [2]
Lulu Mae Sadler Craig (1868–1972), sometimes called Lula, was an early homesteader of southern Colorado.She was a historian, educator, and civic leader. Her records of the Black settlements in Kansas and Colorado have been valuable documents in recording the history of homesteaders.