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The scrolling and sticky headers work in cell phones, too. Widest scrolling tables are on top of the list below. Narrow your browser window until you see a horizontal scroll bar. Drag it left and right to see the sticky row headers that stay visible. Template:2020 monthly cumulative COVID-19 death totals by country; Template:2021 2nd half.
Sometimes it is desirable (such as in a table predominantly made of numbers) to rotate text such that it proceeds from top to bottom or bottom to top instead of from left to right or right to left. This can be done with CSS but the easiest way on Wikipedia is to enclose the text of each heading in a {{vertical header}} template. For example:
This template produces 2 icons on the bottom-right corner. Clicking the rightmost one takes you to the bottom of the page while clicking on the left one takes you to the top of the page. To use this template just put the following anywhere on the page: {{Skip to top and bottom}}
Elements are made collapsible by adding the mw-collapsible class, or alternatively by using the {} template, or its variants {{Collapse top}} and {{Collapse bottom}}. Use of these features in article content is governed by the guidelines Wikipedia:Manual of Style § Scrolling lists and collapsible content generally, and more specifically by ...
MediaWiki’s wikitable class (class="wikitable") is designed for straightforward table formatting and enforces certain global styles that make removing borders between adjacent cells challenging even if custom CSS styles attempt to eliminate these borders. Specifically, the class includes:
The table's horizontal scroll doesn't work with this template, so wide tables span outside of the main content area making the entire page wider and requiring you to instead horizontally scroll the entire page. Zooming out to see the entire table makes the headers sticky, but also makes the text smaller and less readable the wider the table is.
This script and CSS makes the sidebar stay in the same position on the screen as you scroll. This may have undesirable side effects in Chrome; e.g., when viewing a page like the very common.css page you just edited to put this code in, the viewable content will become much shorter, and require vertical scrolling in a frame.
Page layouts (using multiple columns, positioning elements, adding borders, etc.) should be done via CSS, not tables, whenever possible. Images and other embedded media should be positioned using standard image syntax. There are several templates available that will create preformatted multi-column layouts: see Help:Columns.