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The islands had until then been known as the Spitsbergen Archipelago, and it was at this time the term Svalbard was introduced. The legislation took effect on 14 August 1925. [ 46 ] A mining code was passed in 1925 and by 1927 all mining claims, some of which conflicted, were resolved. [ 47 ]
The Svalbard Treaty of 1920 [18] defines Svalbard as all islands, islets, and skerries from 74° to 81° north latitude, and from 10° to 35° east longitude. [ 19 ] [ 20 ] The land area is 61,022 km 2 (23,561 sq mi), and dominated by the island of Spitsbergen, which constitutes more than half the archipelago, followed by Nordaustlandet and ...
Both Svalbard and Jan Mayen consist almost entirely of Arctic wilderness, such as at Bellsund in Svalbard. Svalbard is an archipelago in the Arctic about midway between mainland Norway and the North Pole. The group of islands range from 74° to 81° north latitude, and from 10° to 35° east longitude.
The islands were generally referred to in the United States as "Spitsbergen" from that time, [15] although the spelling "Spitzbergen" also commonly occurred through the 20th century. [16] [17] [18] The Norwegian administrating authorities named the archipelago Svalbard in 1925, the main island becoming Spitsbergen. By the end of the 20th ...
The islands were renamed in the 1920s by Norway as Svalbard. [ 15 ] Spitsbergen/Svalbard began as a territory free of a nation, with people from different countries participating in industries including fishing, whaling , mining, research and later, tourism.
Map of Thousand Islands. Thousand Islands [1] [2] [3] (Norwegian: Tusenøyane) is a group of small islands south of Edgeøya.They form part of the Svalbard archipelago. The group consists of over forty islands and islets, including Brotskjer, Kulstadholmane, Utsira, Tufsen, Kong Ludvigøyane, Bölscheøya, Hornøya, Tiholmane, Meinickeøyane, Sletteøya, Schareholmane, Skråholmen ...
A third period began in 1978, and has lasted until the present day. Preceded by an article written by the Norwegian-Russian palaeontologist Anatol Heintz in 1964, a Soviet expedition from the Institute of Archaeology at the USSR Academy of Sciences – led by Vadim F. Starkov – set out to prove that the Russian Pomors had preceded the Dutch on Svalbard.
The archipelago is the northernmost part of Norway. Three islands are populated: Spitsbergen, Bear Island and Hopen. The capital and largest settlement is Longyearbyen on Spitsbergen. The Spitsbergen Treaty recognises Norwegian sovereignty over Svalbard and the 1925 Svalbard Act makes Svalbard a full part of the Norwegian Kingdom.