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For example, a single link PCIe 3.0 interface has an 8 Gbit/s transfer rate, yet its usable bandwidth is only about 7.88 Gbit/s. z Uses 8b/10b encoding , meaning that 20% of each transfer is used by the interface instead of carrying data from between the hardware components at each end of the interface.
Packet Tracer is commonly used by NetAcad students, since it is available to download after creating a free account. [10] However, due to functional limitations, it is intended by Cisco to be used only as a learning aid, not a replacement for Cisco routers and switches . [ 9 ]
Management Data Input/Output (MDIO), also known as Serial Management Interface (SMI) or Media Independent Interface Management (MIIM), is a serial bus defined for the Ethernet family of IEEE 802.3 standards for the Media Independent Interface, or MII. The MII connects media access control (MAC) devices with Ethernet physical layer (PHY ...
NetFlow is a feature that was introduced on Cisco routers around 1996 that provides the ability to collect IP network traffic as it enters or exits an interface. By analyzing the data provided by NetFlow, a network administrator can determine things such as the source and destination traffic, class of service, and the causes of congestion.
Cisco Systems, Inc. (using the trademark Cisco) is an American multinational digital communications technology conglomerate corporation headquartered in San Jose, California. Cisco develops, manufactures, and sells networking hardware , software , telecommunications equipment and other high-technology services and products. [ 4 ]
Using a standardized interface and protocol allows systems-management software based on IPMI to manage multiple, disparate servers. As a message-based, hardware-level interface specification, IPMI operates independently of the operating system (OS) to allow administrators to manage a system remotely in the absence of an operating system or of the system management software.
N 2 chart example. [1] The N 2 chart or N 2 diagram (pronounced "en-two" or "en-squared") is a chart or diagram in the shape of a matrix, representing functional or physical interfaces between system elements. It is used to systematically identify, define, tabulate, design, and analyze functional and physical interfaces.
Cisco Unity Connection - Voice messaging system for CUCM. [21] Cisco Paging Server (InformaCast) - Paging/bell/mass notification system for CUCM. Originally developed by Singlewire Software, sold as a Cisco product. [22] Cisco Unified Communications Manager Express (CUCME) - a small scale/single server contact center solution