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The Anti-Apartheid Movement (AAM) was a British organisation that was at the centre of the international movement opposing the South African apartheid system and supporting South Africa's non-white population who were oppressed by the policies of apartheid. [1]
The Free South Africa Movement (FSAM) was a coalition of individuals, organizations, students, and unions across the United States of America who sought to end Apartheid in South Africa. [1] With local branches throughout the country, it was the primary anti-Apartheid movement in the United States.
Even so, the committee found allies in the West, such as the British-based Anti-Apartheid Movement, through which it could work and lay the ground roots for the eventual acceptance by the Western powers of the need to impose economic sanctions on South Africa to pressure for political changes.
Among important activists during the anti-apartheid movement were Ida Mntwana, Ngoyi, Helen Joseph, and Dorothy Nyembe. [88] Ngoyi joined the ANC National Executive and was elected first vice-president and later president of FSAW in 1959. Many of these leaders served long prison sentences. [citation needed]
[13] The organisation said that it adopted and advocated the strategy of ungovernability in 1984 and 1985 out of the recognition that the anti-apartheid struggle had reached "a critical stage". [14] The apartheid state largely subscribed to the notion that ungovernability was a coordinated strategy instigated and overseen by the ANC and its allies.
Christabel Gurney, OBE is an activist and historian, who was involved in the Anti-Apartheid Movement. She joined the organisation in 1969, and was the editor of its journal Anti-Apartheid News from 1969 to 1980. [1] [2] Later, she was secretary of the Notting Hill Anti-Apartheid Group. [3]
Anti-apartheid may refer to any opposition to apartheid, the 1948–94 racial policy of the South African government; in particular: Internal resistance to apartheid , within South Africa Anti-Apartheid Movement , an organisation founded in Britain
The Anti-Apartheid Movement persisted in its campaign for South Africa's exclusion, and the IOC acceded in barring the country from the 1964 Games in Tokyo. South Africa selected a multi-racial side for the next Games, and the IOC opted to include the country in the 1968 Games in Mexico .