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The 1941 Chrysler M4 Vacamatic transmission was a two-speed manual transmission with an integral underdrive unit, a traditional manual clutch, and a fluid coupling between the engine and the clutch. [ 51 ] [ 52 ] [ 53 ] The two-speed transmission had "high" and "low" ranges, and the clutch was used when the driver wanted to switch between ranges.
The Hondamatic incorporated a lockup function, which Honda called a third ratio, and had manual gear selection. The company's early transmissions also used a patented torque converter which used stator force to reduce hydraulic losses by using a reaction arm to increase the hydraulic pressure when the stator was stalled. The reaction arm acted ...
Daimler AG (today: Mercedes-Benz Group AG) is a German car manufacturing company. It manufactures its own automobile transmissions and only purchases from suppliers in individual cases. They may be used in passenger cars and SUVs , or light commercial vehicles such as vans and light trucks .
Automated manual transmissions can be semi-automatic or fully-automatic in operation. Several different systems to automate the clutch and/or shifting have been used over the years, but they will generally use one of the following methods of actuation for the clutch and/or shifting: hydraulic or electro-hydraulic actuation, [12] electro-mechanical, [13] pneumatic, [6] [14] [15] electromagnetic ...
Converter w/ Lockup Hydraulic 4HP 24: 400 N⋅m (295 lb⋅ft) 1987 – 2004 Longitudinal: 2.4795 0.7281 4 3.4055 1.5045 1.3436 S 3 4 3 Torque Converter w/ Lockup Hydraulic 4HP 20: TBD 1995 – Transverse: TBD 4 TBD TBD S 3 2 3 Torque Converter: Hydraulic 4HP 16: TBD 2004 – 2008 Transverse: TBD 4 TBD TBD S 3 2 3 Torque Converter: Hydraulic 5HP 18
A direct-shift gearbox (DSG, German: Direktschaltgetriebe [1]) [2] [3] is an electronically controlled, dual-clutch, [2] multiple-shaft, automatic gearbox, in either a transaxle or traditional transmission layout (depending on engine/drive configuration), with automated clutch operation, and with fully-automatic [2] or semi-manual gear selection.
The Ford unit is a six-speed with one clutch acting on reverse, first, third, and fifth gears, and the other used for second, fourth, sixth gears. As the first gear is engaged, the 2-4-6 clutch is disengaged and the second gear cogs are engaged. At the appropriate time, the R-1-3-5 clutch is disengaged and the 2-4-6 clutch is engaged.
Historically, a dual-clutch transmission shifts faster than a standard hydraulic automatic transmission with a torque converter or a single-clutch automated manual transmission. This is possible because the DCT can pre-select the next gear and transfer torque from one clutch to the next clutch with the pre-selected next gear, thus reducing ...