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The algorithm operates as follows: Suppose the original number to be converted is stored in a register that is n bits wide. Reserve a scratch space wide enough to hold both the original number and its BCD representation; n + 4×ceil(n/3) bits will be enough. It takes a maximum of 4 bits in binary to store each decimal digit.
Lighting and reflection calculations, as in the video game OpenArena, use the fast inverse square root code to compute angles of incidence and reflection.. Fast inverse square root, sometimes referred to as Fast InvSqrt() or by the hexadecimal constant 0x5F3759DF, is an algorithm that estimates , the reciprocal (or multiplicative inverse) of the square root of a 32-bit floating-point number in ...
In computer science, the shunting yard algorithm is a method for parsing arithmetical or logical expressions, or a combination of both, specified in infix notation. It can produce either a postfix notation string, also known as reverse Polish notation (RPN), or an abstract syntax tree (AST). [ 1 ]
Use the extended Euclidean algorithm to compute k −1, the modular multiplicative inverse of k mod 2 w, where w is the number of bits in a word. This inverse will exist since the numbers are odd and the modulus has no odd factors. For each number in the list, multiply it by k −1 and take the least significant word of the result.
Kruskal's algorithm; Prim's algorithm; Reverse-delete algorithm; Nonblocking minimal spanning switch say, for a telephone exchange; Shortest path problem. Bellman–Ford algorithm: computes shortest paths in a weighted graph (where some of the edge weights may be negative) Dijkstra's algorithm: computes shortest paths in a graph with non ...
An example of a simple mathematical trapdoor is "6895601 is the product of two prime numbers. What are those numbers?" A typical "brute-force" solution would be to try dividing 6895601 by many prime numbers until finding the answer. However, if one is told that 1931 is one of the numbers, one can find the answer by entering "6895601 ÷ 1931 ...
In the random-access machine commonly used in algorithm analysis, a simple algorithm that scans the indexes in input order and swaps whenever the scan encounters an index whose reversal is a larger number would perform a linear number of data moves. [10] However, computing the reversal of each index may take a non-constant number of steps.
A C version [a] of three xorshift algorithms [1]: 4,5 is given here. The first has one 32-bit word of state, and period 2 32 −1. The second has one 64-bit word of state and period 2 64 −1. The last one has four 32-bit words of state, and period 2 128 −1. The 128-bit algorithm passes the diehard tests.